Domesticating the Undomesticated for Global Food and Nutritional Security: Four Steps
Abstract
:1. Producing More with Less Resources: The Need of the Hour
2. Exploring the Unexplored: First Step
3. Refining the Unrefined Traits: Second Step
4. Cultivating the Uncultivated: Third Step
5. Popularizing the Unpopular: Final Step
6. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SL No. | Common Name | Scientific Name |
---|---|---|
(A) Roots and tubers | ||
1 | Yams | Dioscorea spp. |
2 | Yacon | Smallanthus sonchifolius |
3 | Ulluco | Ullucus tuberosus |
4 | Taro | Colocasia esculenta |
5 | Arracacha | Arracacia xanthorriza |
6 | American yam bean | Pachyrhizus spp |
7 | Maca | Lepidium meyenii |
8 | Oca | Oxalis tuberosa |
9 | Parsnip | Pastinaca sativa |
10 | Cocoyam | Xanthosoma sagittifolium |
11 | Elephant foot yam | Amorphophallus paeoniifolius |
12 | Kohlrabi | Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L |
13 | Wild turnip | Brassica rapa var. rapa |
14 | Eddoe | Colocasia antiquorum |
15 | Sweet potato | Ipomea batatas |
16 | Indian lotus | Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. |
17 | Country potato | Plectranthus rotundifolius |
18 | Wild cassava | Manihot spp. |
19 | Indian Kudzu | Pueraria tuberosa |
20 | Edible Chlorophytum | Chlorophytum tuberosum |
21 | Asparagus | Asparagus racemosus |
(B) Cereals and pseudo-cereals | ||
22 | Einkorn | Triticum monococcum |
23 | Emmer | T. dicoccon |
24 | Spelt | T. spelta |
25 | Tef | Eragrostis tef |
26 | Fonio | Digitaria exilis |
27 | Cañihua | Chenopodium pallidicaule |
28 | Finger millet | Eleusine coracana |
29 | Kodo millet | Paspalum scrobiculatum |
30 | Foxtail millet | Setaria italic |
31 | Little millet | Panicum sumatrense |
32 | Proso millet | Panicum miliaceum |
33 | Amaranth | Amaranthus caudatus |
34 | Buckwheat | Fagopyrum spp. |
35 | Job’s tears | Coix lacryma-jobi |
36 | Red amaranth | Amaranthus cruentus L |
37 | Pearl Millet | Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br. |
(C) Fruits and nuts | ||
38 | Maya nut | Brosimum alicastrum |
39 | Breadfruit | Artocarpus altilis |
40 | Jackfruit | Artocarpus heterophyllus |
41 | Wild jackfruit | Artocarpus hirsutus |
42 | Fox nut | Euryale ferox |
43 | Baobab | Adansonia digitate |
44 | Jujube | Ziziphus mauritiana |
45 | Cherimoya | Annona cherimola |
46 | Cape gooseberry | Physalis peruviana |
47 | Naranjilla | Solanum quitoense |
48 | Pomegranate | Punica granatum |
49 | Noni | Morinda citrifolia |
50 | Marula | Sclerocarya birrea |
51 | Tamarind | Tamarindus indica |
52 | Annona | Annona spp. |
53 | Safou | Dacryodes edulis |
54 | Mangosteen | Garcinia mangostana |
55 | Salak | Salacca spp. |
56 | Nipa palm | Nypa fruticans |
57 | Monkey orange | Strychnos cocculoides |
58 | Duku | Lansium domesticum |
59 | Boscia | Boscia spp. |
60 | Carissa | Carissa edulis |
61 | Coccinia | Coccinia trilobata |
62 | Acacia | Acacia toritilis |
63 | Kei apple | Dovyalis caffra |
64 | Tree grapes | Lamnea spp. |
65 | Medlars | Vanguera spp. |
66 | Pitanga | Eugenia uniflora |
67 | Malabar chestnut | Pachira aquatica |
68 | Camu camu | Myrciaria dubia |
69 | Dragon fruit | Hylocereus spp. |
70 | Brazil nut | Bertholletia excels |
71 | Egg nut | Couepia longipendula |
72 | Quince | Cydonia oblonga |
73 | Yara Yara | Duguetia lepidota |
74 | Araza | Eugenia stipitate |
75 | Lúcuma | Lucuma obovate |
76 | Miracle fruit | Synsepalum dulcificum |
77 | Water chestnut | Trapa natans |
78 | Indian bael | Aegle marmelos |
79 | Chilean wineberry | Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) |
80 | Lakoocha | Artocarpus lacucha |
81 | Karanda | Carissa carandas |
82 | Assyrian plum | Cordia myxa |
83 | Cluster Fig | Ficus racemosa |
84 | Phalsa | Grewia asiatica |
85 | Wood-apple | Limonia acidissima L. |
86 | Mulberries | Morus alba |
87 | Burflower-tree | Neolamarckia cadamba |
88 | Indian Gooseberry | Phyllanthus emblica |
89 | Angular winter cherry | Physalis angulata |
90 | Manila tamarind | Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. |
91 | Black nightshade | Solanum nigrum L. |
92 | Indian almond | Terminalia catappa L. |
93 | Jujube | Ziziphus jujube |
94 | Mahua | Madhuca longifolia |
95 | Hog Plum | Spondias dulcis |
96 | Starfruit | Averrhoa carambola |
97 | Bilimbi | Averrhoa bilimbi |
98 | Indian coffee plum | Flacourtia jangomas |
99 | Common guava | Psidium guajava |
100 | Soursop | Annona muricata |
101 | Spring Asparagus | Asparagus officinalis |
102 | Wild pear | Pyrus communis |
103 | Hill lemon | Citrus psedolimon |
(D) Vegetables | ||
104 | Moringa | Moringa oleifera |
105 | African eggplant | Solanum aethiopicum |
106 | Thorny amaranth | Amaranthus spinosa |
107 | Wild amaranth | Amranthus viridis |
108 | Brassica | Brassica rapa varieties |
109 | Locust bean | Parkia biglobosa |
110 | Chayote | Sechium edule |
111 | Chrysanthemum | Chrysanthemum oronarium |
112 | Bitter gourd | Momordica charantia |
113 | Angle gourd | Luffa acutangular |
114 | Snake gourd | Thrichosantes cucumerina var. anguina |
115 | Indian spinach | Basella rubra, Basella alba |
116 | Spider plant | Cleome gynandra |
117 | Jute | Corchorus olitorius |
118 | Black nightshade | Solanum nigrum |
119 | Ivy gourd | Coccinia grandis |
120 | Gourd | Lagenaria siceraria |
121 | Celosia | Celosia argentea |
122 | Dika | Irvingia spp. |
123 | Egusi | Citrullus lanatus |
124 | Marama | Tylosema esculentum |
125 | Shea butter | Vitellaria paradoxa |
126 | Giant swamp taro | Cyrtosperma merkusii |
127 | Akoub | Gundelia tournefortii |
128 | Crambe | Crambe spp. |
129 | Cardoon | Cynara cardunculus |
130 | Eru | Gnetum africanum |
131 | Purslane | Portulaca oleracea |
132 | Golden thistle | Scolymus hispanicus |
133 | Bitter leaf | Vernonia amygdalina |
134 | Cabbage Leaf Mustard | Brassica juncea var. rugosa |
135 | Pigweed | Chenopodium album |
136 | Asian spiderflower | Cleome viscosa |
137 | False Amaranth | Digera muricate (L.) Mart. |
138 | Water spinach | Ipomoea aquatica |
139 | Thumbai | Leucas aspera (Willd.) Linn |
140 | Sweet neem | Murraya koenigii |
141 | Sickle Senna | Senna tora |
142 | Waterleaf | Talinum fruticosum (L.) Juss |
143 | Fenugreek | Trigonella foenum graecum |
144 | Spiny gourd | Momordica dioica Roxb. Ex Willd. |
145 | Pointed gourd | Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. |
146 | Sunn hemp | Crotalaria juncea L. |
147 | Khejri Tree | Prosopis cineraria |
148 | Sweet leaf | Sauropus androgynus |
149 | Water spinach | Ipomea aquatica |
150 | Tarali | Melothria heterophylla |
151 | Kuda | Holarrhena pubescens |
152 | Korla | Bauhinia malabarica |
153 | Kawla | Smithia hirsuta |
154 | Dragon stalk yam | Amorphophallus commutatus |
155 | Bamboo | Dendrocalamus strictus |
156 | Wild senna | Senna tora |
157 | Dinda | Leea indica |
158 | Bharangi | Rotheca serrata |
159 | Edible fern | Diplazium esculentum |
(E) Legumes | ||
160 | Mungbean | Vigna radiata |
161 | Adzuki bean | V. angularis |
162 | Ricebean | V. umbellata |
163 | Lupin | Lupinus mutabilis |
164 | Bambara groundnut | Vigna subterranean |
165 | Jack bean | Canavalia ensiformis |
166 | Grasspea | Lathyrus sativus |
167 | Lablab | Lablab purpureus |
168 | Pigeon pea | Cajanus cajan |
169 | African yam bean | Sphenostylis stenocarpa |
170 | Kersting’s groundnut | Macrotyloma geocarpum |
171 | Sword bean | Canavalia gladiata |
172 | Jack bean | Canavalia virosa |
173 | Winged bean | Psophocarpus tetragonolobus |
174 | Cluster bean | Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub |
175 | Agati | Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. |
176 | Broad bean | Vicia faba |
177 | Chickpea | Cicer arietinum |
178 | Peanut | Arachis hypogea |
179 | Black gram | Vigna mungo |
180 | Black lentil | Lens culinaris |
(F) Spices, condiments, food-dye agents | ||
181 | Makoni | Fadogia ancylantha |
182 | Annatto | Bixa orellana |
183 | Mustard seed | Brassica juncea |
184 | Fenugreek | Trigonella foenumgraecum |
185 | Pandan | Pandanus amaryllifolius |
186 | Polygonum | Poligonum odoratum |
187 | Antidesma | Antidesma venosum |
188 | Uer | Lippia carviodora |
189 | Rocket | Diplotaxis spp |
190 | Caper | Capparis spinosa |
191 | Monkey cola | Cola lateritia |
192 | Sea buckthorn | Hippophae rhamnoides |
193 | Nigella | Nigella sativa |
194 | Culantro | Eryngium foetidum |
195 | Coriander | Coriandrum sativum |
196 | Wild chilies | Capsicum spp. |
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Singh, A.; Dubey, P.K.; Chaurasia, R.; Dubey, R.K.; Pandey, K.K.; Singh, G.S.; Abhilash, P.C. Domesticating the Undomesticated for Global Food and Nutritional Security: Four Steps. Agronomy 2019, 9, 491. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090491
Singh A, Dubey PK, Chaurasia R, Dubey RK, Pandey KK, Singh GS, Abhilash PC. Domesticating the Undomesticated for Global Food and Nutritional Security: Four Steps. Agronomy. 2019; 9(9):491. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090491
Chicago/Turabian StyleSingh, Ajeet, Pradeep Kumar Dubey, Rajan Chaurasia, Rama Kant Dubey, Krishna Kumar Pandey, Gopal Shankar Singh, and Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash. 2019. "Domesticating the Undomesticated for Global Food and Nutritional Security: Four Steps" Agronomy 9, no. 9: 491. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090491