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Agronomy
Volume 15
Issue 9
10.3390/agronomy15092138
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Phytolith Concentration and Morphological Variation in Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz. Leaves in Response to Sodium Silicate Foliar Application Across Vegetative Phenological Stages

by
Yuntao Yang
1,2,†,
Lei Huang
1,2,†,
Lixia Yu
1,
Maobiao Li
2,
Shuguang Wang
1,2,
Changming Wang
1,2 and
Hui Zhan
1,2,*
1
Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650224, China
2
College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Agronomy 2025, 15(9), 2138; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15092138
Submission received: 3 August 2025 / Revised: 4 September 2025 / Accepted: 4 September 2025 / Published: 5 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Horticultural and Floricultural Crops)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of the foliar application of sodium silicate (SS) on phytolith formations in Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz. leaves by analyzing the phytolith concentration, morphological parameters, and assemblage compositions across leaves of varying ages and different phenological stages. The results showed that SS significantly increased the phytolith concentration in D. brandisii leaves, showing a trend of old leaves > mature leaves > young leaves. The concentration of phytoliths was the highest at the late shooting stage (November) and the lowest at the dormancy stage (January). August (shooting stage) and May (branching and leafing stage) were the critical periods for phytolith formation and the size and morphological variation. Sodium silicate significantly increased the proportion of saddle, bilobate, and stomatal phytoliths, which might help optimize the silicified structure of leaf epidermal cells and enhance the leaf resistance and light energy utilization efficiency. The results help clarify the mechanism of phytolith formation in different phenological periods of D. brandisii and provide a theoretical basis for the efficient use of silicon fertilizers in bamboo cultivation.
Keywords: Dendrocalamus brandisii; phenology; phytolith; morphological parameters Dendrocalamus brandisii; phenology; phytolith; morphological parameters

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, Y.; Huang, L.; Yu, L.; Li, M.; Wang, S.; Wang, C.; Zhan, H. Phytolith Concentration and Morphological Variation in Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz. Leaves in Response to Sodium Silicate Foliar Application Across Vegetative Phenological Stages. Agronomy 2025, 15, 2138. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15092138

AMA Style

Yang Y, Huang L, Yu L, Li M, Wang S, Wang C, Zhan H. Phytolith Concentration and Morphological Variation in Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz. Leaves in Response to Sodium Silicate Foliar Application Across Vegetative Phenological Stages. Agronomy. 2025; 15(9):2138. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15092138

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Yuntao, Lei Huang, Lixia Yu, Maobiao Li, Shuguang Wang, Changming Wang, and Hui Zhan. 2025. "Phytolith Concentration and Morphological Variation in Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz. Leaves in Response to Sodium Silicate Foliar Application Across Vegetative Phenological Stages" Agronomy 15, no. 9: 2138. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15092138

APA Style

Yang, Y., Huang, L., Yu, L., Li, M., Wang, S., Wang, C., & Zhan, H. (2025). Phytolith Concentration and Morphological Variation in Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz. Leaves in Response to Sodium Silicate Foliar Application Across Vegetative Phenological Stages. Agronomy, 15(9), 2138. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15092138

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