Population Genetic Analysis of a Bread Wheat Panel from Northern and Huang-Huai Agro-Ecological Regions in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Regions
2.2. Plant Materials
2.3. DNA Extraction and Genotyping by a Wheat 15K SNP Array
2.4. Population Structure Analysis
2.5. Genetic Diversity Evaluation
2.6. Inference of Ancestry Informative Markers
3. Results
3.1. Distribution of SNP Markers across the Wheat Genome
3.2. Phylogenetic Relationship in the Bread Wheat Panel
3.3. Genetic Diversity within the Three Geographical Groups
3.4. Genomes of the Three Geographical Groups Showed Differently Patterned Mosaics of Different Landrace Groups
4. Discussion
4.1. Genetically Related Chinese Modern Wheat Breeding Lines Have Close Geographical Origins
4.2. Modern Wheat Breeding Lines Have Mosaic Genomic Regions Derived from Different Landrace Groups
4.3. Conclusions and Prospects
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Groups | n | π | MAF | PIC | Hexp |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region: | |||||
HH1 | 72 | 0.31167 | 0.2663 | 0.2668 | 0.3346 |
NW | 120 | 0.31058 | 0.2597 | 0.2675 | 0.3360 |
HH2 | 59 | 0.27835 | 0.2353 | 0.2378 | 0.2940 |
Years: | |||||
Before 2000 | 39 | 0.34995 | 0.2834 | 0.2728 | 0.3435 |
2000–2009 | 98 | 0.33023 | 0.2647 | 0.2747 | 0.3458 |
After 2009 | 155 | 0.28510 | 0.2489 | 0.2629 | 0.3291 |
Code | Accessions Name | Group | Code | Accessions Name | Group |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Chinese Spring | Landrace1 | 35 | Yingman 208 | Shandong |
2 | Baihulutou | Landrace1 | 36 | Shannong k32561 | Shandong |
3 | Mazhamai | Landrace1 | 37 | Shannong 27 | Shandong |
4 | Laofulin 10 | Landrace2 | 38 | Taishan 5366 | Shandong |
5 | Shuangfengshou | Landrace2 | 39 | Shannong 2149 | Shandong |
6 | Baiqimai | Landrace2 | 40 | Lumai 14 | Shandong |
7 | Songhuajiang 1 | Landrace2 | 41 | Daimai 2251 | Shandong |
8 | Hengdalihong | Landrace2 | 42 | Jimai 60 | Shandong |
9 | Bawangbian | Landrace2 | 43 | Keyuan 026 | Shandong |
10 | Shijiazhuang 75 | Landrace2 | 44 | Luyan 213 | Shandong |
11 | Hongheshang | Landrace2 | 45 | Yimai 1 | Shandong |
12 | Xiaobaimang | Landrace2 | 46 | Zimai 28 | Shandong |
13 | Nongda 399 | Hebei | 47 | Yimai 2 | Shandong |
14 | Jifeng 717 | Hebei | 48 | Yangguang 503 | Shandong |
15 | Jinhe 9123 | Hebei | 49 | Yangguang 10 | Shandong |
16 | Shimai 22 | Hebei | 50 | Yannong 836 | Shandong |
17 | Jimai 817 | Hebei | 51 | Jingyang 670 | Shandong |
18 | Jimai 26 | Hebei | 52 | Wennong 5 | Shandong |
19 | Shimai 28 | Hebei | 53 | Aikang 58 | Henan |
20 | ShiH09-7075 | Hebei | 54 | Zhoumai 35 | Henan |
21 | Shi 4185 | Hebei | 55 | Zhengyumai 9989 | Henan |
22 | Shimai 12 | Hebei | 56 | Cunmai 8 | Henan |
23 | Shimai 14 | Hebei | 57 | Dunfeng 801 | Henan |
24 | Heng 11-6021 | Hebei | 58 | Xinmai 28 | Henan |
25 | Jimai 161 | Hebei | 59 | Zhengmai 9023 | Henan |
26 | Kenong 1006 | Hebei | 60 | Yimai 6 | Henan |
27 | Jimai 120 | Hebei | 61 | Zhoumai 16 | Henan |
28 | Kenong 8162 | Hebei | 62 | Xun 2016 | Henan |
29 | Kenong 1002 | Hebei | 63 | Fengyuan 2017 | Henan |
30 | Qingnong 9 | Shandong | 64 | Xianmai 10 | Henan |
31 | Qingmai 6 | Shandong | 65 | Cunmai 12 | Henan |
32 | Liangxing 99 | Shandong | 66 | Fengdecunmai 10 | Henan |
33 | Jimai 22 | Shandong | 67 | Zhoumai 18 | Henan |
34 | Shannong 24 | Shandong |
Groups | Heibei | Henan | Shandong |
---|---|---|---|
Landrace1 | 2353 | 1720 | 1423 |
Landrace2 | 3704 | 4337 | 4634 |
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Jin, X.; Gao, H.; Liu, Q.; Zhao, Y.; He, W.; Wang, G.; Zhou, Y.; Song, Z.; Zhao, X.; Ren, X.; et al. Population Genetic Analysis of a Bread Wheat Panel from Northern and Huang-Huai Agro-Ecological Regions in China. Agronomy 2023, 13, 2408. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092408
Jin X, Gao H, Liu Q, Zhao Y, He W, Wang G, Zhou Y, Song Z, Zhao X, Ren X, et al. Population Genetic Analysis of a Bread Wheat Panel from Northern and Huang-Huai Agro-Ecological Regions in China. Agronomy. 2023; 13(9):2408. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092408
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin, Xiaojie, Huimin Gao, Qian Liu, Yun Zhao, Wenchuang He, Guijuan Wang, Yu Zhou, Zheng Song, Xiaobin Zhao, Xifeng Ren, and et al. 2023. "Population Genetic Analysis of a Bread Wheat Panel from Northern and Huang-Huai Agro-Ecological Regions in China" Agronomy 13, no. 9: 2408. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092408