Maize Grain Germination Is Accompanied by Acidification of the Environment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Acidification of the Milieu by Zea mays Grains upon Imbibition
3.2. Anatomy of Maize Grains
3.3. Acidification Process of Maize Grains Is Mediated by a Two-Step Process and Caused by Different Tissues
4. Discussion
4.1. Early Acidification Is a Passive Proton Diffusion of Protons Stored in the Pericarp/Testa
4.2. The Late, Delayed Acidification Is Caused by Active Enzymatic Transport of Protons from the Living Cells of the Seed
4.3. Physiological Mechanisms and Ecological Relevance of Acidification of the Environment during Maize Grain Germination
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wellmann, K.; Varnskühler, J.; Leubner-Metzger, G.; Mummenhoff, K. Maize Grain Germination Is Accompanied by Acidification of the Environment. Agronomy 2023, 13, 1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071819
Wellmann K, Varnskühler J, Leubner-Metzger G, Mummenhoff K. Maize Grain Germination Is Accompanied by Acidification of the Environment. Agronomy. 2023; 13(7):1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071819
Chicago/Turabian StyleWellmann, Konrad, Jens Varnskühler, Gerhard Leubner-Metzger, and Klaus Mummenhoff. 2023. "Maize Grain Germination Is Accompanied by Acidification of the Environment" Agronomy 13, no. 7: 1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071819