Innovations in Disease Detection and Forecasting: A Digital Roadmap for Sustainable Management of Fruit and Foliar Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Surveillance and Monitoring Tools
Traditional Approach | Advanced Approach | Improvements |
---|---|---|
Weather stations Soil sensors Soil and plant analysis | Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Advanced sensors (IoTs) | Wider range of information with increased efficiency [35,36,44] |
Field monitoring | Proximal and remote sensing: Geolocalization (GPS, GIS) Drones, UAVs, Satellites Monitoring platform | Increased data precision, geo-positioning [6,7,29,30] Large-scale monitoring [41,42,43] Reduced time and cost of the monitoring process [46,47,48,49,50] |
Pheromones traps | Image-based traps | Real-time data availability [31,32,33,34,36] |
3. Diagnostic Tools
Traditional Approach | Advanced Approach | Improvements |
---|---|---|
Traditional diagnostic methods based on symptoms or functional changes or recovery factors | Image analysis software | More precise disease quantification [53] |
Artificial intelligence, machine learning | Shortened diagnostic time [48] | |
ELISA PCR, RT-PCR LAMP RT-RPA | More precise diagnosis [55,63,64] In-field analysis [82,83,84,85,86,87] Simple and short sample preparation methods [98,100,102] |
4. Decision Making
Traditional Approach | Advanced Approach | Improvements |
---|---|---|
Experience Consultants | Decision Support system (DSS) | Holistic approach [52] |
Thresholds Simple rules or empirical models | Mechanistic, integrated models | Expert knowledge, advanced models [16,104] |
Good practices, guidelines, protocols | Informed decisions | Sustainability plays a part in the decision-making process [108] |
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hasanaliyeva, G.; Si Ammour, M.; Yaseen, T.; Rossi, V.; Caffi, T. Innovations in Disease Detection and Forecasting: A Digital Roadmap for Sustainable Management of Fruit and Foliar Disease. Agronomy 2022, 12, 1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071707
Hasanaliyeva G, Si Ammour M, Yaseen T, Rossi V, Caffi T. Innovations in Disease Detection and Forecasting: A Digital Roadmap for Sustainable Management of Fruit and Foliar Disease. Agronomy. 2022; 12(7):1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071707
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasanaliyeva, Gultakin, Melissa Si Ammour, Thaer Yaseen, Vittorio Rossi, and Tito Caffi. 2022. "Innovations in Disease Detection and Forecasting: A Digital Roadmap for Sustainable Management of Fruit and Foliar Disease" Agronomy 12, no. 7: 1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071707