Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Competition and Control in Rain-Fed Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Active Ingredients | Mode of Action | Concentration/ Formulation | Chemical Names |
---|---|---|---|
Fluroxypyr | Synthetic Auxins Inhibitor | 350 g/L EC | [(4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]acetic acid |
Glyphosate | EPSP Synthase Inhibitor | SL 41% | N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine |
Tribenuron-methyl | ALS Inhibitor | 750 g/kg WDG | 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)methylamino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acid |
Iodosulfuron/mesosulfuron/antidote mefenpyr-diethyl | ALS Inhibitor | 6/30/90 g/kg WDG | 4-iodo-2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acid/2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-4-[[(methylsulfonyl)amino]methyl]benzoic acid /1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid |
Pyroxsulam | ALS Inhibitor | 45 g/L OD | N-(5,7-dimethoxy[ ,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)-2-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinesulfonamide |
Mesosulfuron | ALS Inhibitor | 30g/L g/L OD | 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-4-[[(methylsulfonyl)amino]methyl]benzoic acid |
Metsulfuron | ALS Inhibitor | 600 g/kg WDG | 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acid |
Sulfosulfuron | ALS Inhibitor | 750 g/kg WDG | N-[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]-2-(ethylsulfonyl)imidazol[1,2-a]pyridine-3-sulfonamide |
Application Timing | Wild Mustard Control% | |
---|---|---|
Kashira | Baribino | |
2017–2018 | 2018–2019 | |
Fall | ||
Early September | 70 c | 36 e |
Mid-September | 86 b | 77 b |
Early October | 91 ab | 82 a |
Spring | ||
Early May | 93 a | 49 d |
Mid May | 96 a | 64 c |
Early June | 91 ab | 77 b |
p-value | 0.0033 | 0.0093 |
Coefficient of variation (%) | 9.06 | 3.88 |
Active Ingredients | Field Rate g ai ha−1 | Wild Mustard Control% | Wheat Grain Yield kg ha−1 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fall | Spring | Fall | Spring | ||
Weedy | - | - | - | 2960 f | 3320 ef |
Weed free | - | - | - | 6810 a | 5690 a |
Pyroxsulam | 10 | 62 d | 48 f | 3860 d | 3850 de |
Pyroxsulam | 17 | 82 bc | 58 e | 4040 cd | 3840 de |
Iodosulfuron/mesosulfuron/antidote mefenpyr-diethyl | 3/11/35 | 97 a | 91 ab | 5650 b | 4420 b |
Iodosulfuron/mesosulfuron/antidote mefenpyr-diethyl | 5/15/45 | 97 a | 95 a | 6860 a | 4270 bc |
Tribenuron-methyl | 20 | 89 b | 80 c | 3570 de | 4160 bcd |
Glyphosate | 430 | 79 c | 74 d | 4530 c | 4030 d |
Metsulfuron | 14 | 83 bc | 75 d | 3840 d | 3505 e |
p-value | - | 0.02 | 0.0011 | 0.01 | 0.002 |
Coefficient of variation (%) | - | 6.9 | 9.4 | 2.5 | 8.8 |
Active Ingredients | Field Rate g ai ha−1 | Wild Mustard Control% | Wheat Grain Yield kg ha−1 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fall | Spring | Fall | Spring | ||
Weedy | - | - | - | 4170 c | 4220 |
Weed free | - | - | - | 4790 a | 4630 a |
Pyroxsulam | 10 | 60 cd | 55 c | 4680 ab | 4580 b |
Pyroxsulam | 17 | 65 c | 49 d | 4660 ab | 4510 b |
Iodosulfuron/mesosulfuron/antidote mefenpyr-diethyl | 3/11/35 | 85 b | 84 a | 4790 a | 4560 b |
Iodosulfuron/mesosulfuron/antidote mefenpyr-diethyl | 5/15/45 | 94 a | 80 a | 4770 a | 4510 b |
Tribenuron-methyl | 20 | 63 c | 78 ab | 4560 b | 4540 b |
Glyphosate | 430 | 82 b | 44 de | 4550 b | 4640 a |
Metsulfuron | 14 | 63 c | 41 e | 4690 ab | 4590 ab |
p-value | - | 0.060 | 0.0051 | 0.01 | 0.099 |
Coefficient of variation (%) | - | 5.5 | 10.9 | 5.9 | 6.7 |
Active Ingredients | Field Rate | Weed Control | Biomass | Seeds | Germination | Stem |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
g ai ha−1 | % | g | No. | % | No. | |
Weedy | - | 0 e | 38.2 a | 6880 a | 69 a | 18 a |
Fluroxypyr | 144 | 30 d | 23.2 b | 4570 b | 55 bc | 12 b |
Tribenuron-methyl | 20 | 75 a | 3.3 f | 880 g | 33 d | 6 d |
Pyroxsulam + mesosulfuron | 10 + 12 | 50 c | 12.4 de | 2650 cd | 71 a | 9 c |
Pyroxsulam + mesosulfuron | 17 + 16 | 55 bc | 11.9 e | 1110 f | 51 bc | 9 c |
Mesosulfuron | 12 | 49 c | 15.2 c | 2150 d | 48 c | 11 b |
Mesosulfuron | 16 | 50 c | 12.0 e | 1430 e | 52 bc | 9 c |
Metsulfuron | 14 | 55 bc | 13.2 d | 2790 c | 58 b | 12 b |
Sulfosulfuron | 28 | 61 b | 11.6 e | 1170 f | 59 b | 8 cd |
p-value | - | 0.020 | 0.0001 | 0.022 | 0.006 | 0.0011 |
Coefficient of variation (%) | - | 5.9 | 9.1 | 2.9 | 8.9 | 10.8 |
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Zargar, M.; Kavhiza, N.J.; Bayat, M.; Pakina, E. Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Competition and Control in Rain-Fed Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy 2021, 11, 2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112306
Zargar M, Kavhiza NJ, Bayat M, Pakina E. Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Competition and Control in Rain-Fed Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy. 2021; 11(11):2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112306
Chicago/Turabian StyleZargar, Meisam, Nyasha John Kavhiza, Maryam Bayat, and Elena Pakina. 2021. "Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Competition and Control in Rain-Fed Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)" Agronomy 11, no. 11: 2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112306
APA StyleZargar, M., Kavhiza, N. J., Bayat, M., & Pakina, E. (2021). Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Competition and Control in Rain-Fed Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy, 11(11), 2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112306