Confirmation and Characterization of the First Case of Acetolactate Synthase (ALS)-Inhibitor—Resistant Wild Buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.) in the United States
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Material and Growth Conditions
2.2. Chlorsulfuron Dose-Response Assay
2.3. Response to Different ALS-Inhibitors
2.4. ALS Gene Sequencing
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Chlorsulfuron Dose-Response
3.2. Response to Different ALS-Inhibitors
3.3. Molecular Basis of ALS-Inhibitor Resistance in KSW-R Wild Buckwheat
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Herbicide | Trade Name | Chemical Family | Manufacturer | Field Rate |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glean | Chlorsulfuron | Sulfonylurea | DuPont Wilmington, DE http://cropprotection.dupont.com | 18 g ai ha−1 |
Permit | Halosulfuron | Sulfonylurea | Gowan Company, Yuma, AZ www.gowanco.com | 36 g ai ha−1 |
Harmony | Thifensulfuron | Sulfonylurea | DuPont Wilmington, DE http://cropprotection.dupont.com | 36 g ai ha−1 |
Accent | Nicosulfuron | Sulfonylurea | DuPont Wilmington, DE http://cropprotection.dupont.com | 36 g ai ha−1 |
Pursuit | Imazethapyr | Imidazolinone | BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA | 72 g ai ha−1 |
Genotype | GR50 (SE) | b (SE) | d (SE) |
---|---|---|---|
KSW-R | 703.74 (333.11) | 1.24 (0.55) | 100.46 (3.0) |
KSW-S | 3.97 (0.79) | 1.06 (0.21) | 100.01 (4.80) |
Trade Name | Field Rate | % Survival a | |
---|---|---|---|
KSW-R | KSW-S | ||
Chlorsulfuron | 18 g ai ha−1 | 100% | 0% |
Halosulfuron | 36 g ai ha−1 | 100% | 0% |
Thifensulfuron | 36 g ai ha−1 | 90% | 0% |
Nicosulfuron | 36 g ai ha−1 | 90% | 0% |
Imazethapyr | 72 g ai ha−1 | 0% | 0% |
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Pandian, B.A.; Friesen, A.; Laforest, M.; Peterson, D.E.; Vara Prasad, P.V.; Jugulam, M. Confirmation and Characterization of the First Case of Acetolactate Synthase (ALS)-Inhibitor—Resistant Wild Buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.) in the United States. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1496. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101496
Pandian BA, Friesen A, Laforest M, Peterson DE, Vara Prasad PV, Jugulam M. Confirmation and Characterization of the First Case of Acetolactate Synthase (ALS)-Inhibitor—Resistant Wild Buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.) in the United States. Agronomy. 2020; 10(10):1496. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101496
Chicago/Turabian StylePandian, Balaji Aravindhan, Abigail Friesen, Martin Laforest, Dallas E. Peterson, P. V. Vara Prasad, and Mithila Jugulam. 2020. "Confirmation and Characterization of the First Case of Acetolactate Synthase (ALS)-Inhibitor—Resistant Wild Buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.) in the United States" Agronomy 10, no. 10: 1496. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101496