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Polymers
Volume 17
Issue 10
10.3390/polym17101305
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Polydopamine-Coated Magnetic Nanoplatform for Magnetically Guided Penetration and Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy in Root Canal Biofilm Elimination

by
Xingchen Xu
1,2,3,†,
Pei Wang
1,2,3,†,
Fei Tong
1,2,3,
Yifan Liu
1,2,3,
Xinyang Hu
1,2,3,
Jian Yang
1,2,3,* and
Jun Guo
1,2,3,*
1
School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
2
Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
3
Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Polymers 2025, 17(10), 1305; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101305 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 10 April 2025 / Revised: 30 April 2025 / Accepted: 7 May 2025 / Published: 10 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart and Bio-Medical Polymers: 2nd Edition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Clinical root canal therapy which takes place through mechanical and chemical strategies is faced with challenges in eliminating bacteria owing to the intricate and curved nature of the root canal system. Moreover, the plaque biofilm within the root canal hinders drug penetration and limits treatment efficacy. Hence, efficient root canal therapy hinges on penetrating into the root canal and overcoming the barriers presented by the plaque biofilms. To penetrate and eradicate biofilms effectively at the root canal, we designed a novel magnetic nanoparticle (MN)-based nanoplatform which was synthesized by the self-polymerization of dopamine on the surface of Fe3O4 MNs, and then loaded minocycline through the electrostatic interaction. The therapeutic efficacy of minocycline-loaded magnetic nanoparticles (FDM MNs) under a magnetostatic field was observed by various antibacterial experiments. The synthesized FDM MNs exhibited favorable biocompatibility and robust anti-biofilm efficacy. The designed nanoparticles could effectively navigate biofilms to eradicate bacteria residing deep with the assistance of magnetic force. Furthermore, FDM MNs penetrated into dentin tubules under a magnetic field, effectively disrupting biofilms for deep sterilization. The significant results offered valuable experimental evidence to support the potential clinical utility of magnetic nanoparticles for managing pulpitis and periapical inflammation.
Keywords: root canal; magnetic nanoparticles; biofilm; polydopamine; pulpitis root canal; magnetic nanoparticles; biofilm; polydopamine; pulpitis

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Xu, X.; Wang, P.; Tong, F.; Liu, Y.; Hu, X.; Yang, J.; Guo, J. Polydopamine-Coated Magnetic Nanoplatform for Magnetically Guided Penetration and Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy in Root Canal Biofilm Elimination. Polymers 2025, 17, 1305. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101305

AMA Style

Xu X, Wang P, Tong F, Liu Y, Hu X, Yang J, Guo J. Polydopamine-Coated Magnetic Nanoplatform for Magnetically Guided Penetration and Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy in Root Canal Biofilm Elimination. Polymers. 2025; 17(10):1305. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101305

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xu, Xingchen, Pei Wang, Fei Tong, Yifan Liu, Xinyang Hu, Jian Yang, and Jun Guo. 2025. "Polydopamine-Coated Magnetic Nanoplatform for Magnetically Guided Penetration and Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy in Root Canal Biofilm Elimination" Polymers 17, no. 10: 1305. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101305

APA Style

Xu, X., Wang, P., Tong, F., Liu, Y., Hu, X., Yang, J., & Guo, J. (2025). Polydopamine-Coated Magnetic Nanoplatform for Magnetically Guided Penetration and Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy in Root Canal Biofilm Elimination. Polymers, 17(10), 1305. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101305

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