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Polymers
Volume 16
Issue 13
10.3390/polym16131822
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Communication

A Circular Bioeconomy Approach to Using Post-Bioadsorbent Materials Intended for the Removal of Domestic Wastewater Contaminants as Potential Reinforcements

by
Cristina E. Almeida-Naranjo
1,*,
Alex Darío Aguilar
2,3,4,
Vladimir Valle
2,*,
Carlos Bastidas-Caldes
5,
Alexis Debut
6 and
Britanny Sinchiguano
7
1
Grupo de Biodiversidad Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Redondel del Ciclista Antigua Vía a Nayón, Quito 170124, Ecuador
2
Departamento de Ciencias de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito 17-07-2759, Ecuador
3
Advanced Materials and Processes (MAP)—Technische Fakultät, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
4
Institute of Polymer Technology (LKT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Am Weichselgarten 10, 91058 Erlangen-Tennenlohe, Germany
5
One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Redondel del Ciclista Antigua Vía a Nayón, Quito 170124, Ecuador
6
Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí 17-15-231B, Ecuador
7
Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Construcción, Universidad UTE, Rumipamba y Bourgeois, Quito 17-07-2759, Ecuador
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Polymers 2024, 16(13), 1822; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131822
Submission received: 6 June 2024 / Revised: 17 June 2024 / Accepted: 20 June 2024 / Published: 27 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Circular and Green Sustainable Polymer Science)
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Abstract

Agro-industrial residue valorization under the umbrella of the circular bioeconomy (CBE) has prompted the search for further forward-thinking alternatives that encourage the mitigation of the industry’s environmental footprint. From this perspective, second-life valorization (viz., thermoplastic composites) has been explored for agro-industrial waste (viz., oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers, OPEFBFs) that has already been used previously in other circular applications (viz., the removal of domestic wastewater contaminants). Particularly, this ongoing study evaluated the performance of raw residues (R-OPEFBFs) within three different size ranges (250–425, 425–600, 600–800 µm) both before and after their utilization in biofiltration processes (as post-adsorbents, P-OPEFBFs) to reinforce a polymer matrix of acrylic resin. The research examined the changes in R-OPEFBF composition and morphology caused by microorganisms in the biofilters and their impact on the mechanical properties of the composites. Smaller R-OPEFBFs (250–425 µm) demonstrated superior mechanical performance. Additionally, the composites with P-OPEFBFs displayed significant enhancements in their mechanical properties (3.9–40.3%) compared to those with R-OPEFBFs. The combination of the three fiber sizes improved the mechanical behavior of the composites, indicating the potential for both R-OPEFBFs and P-OPEFBFs as reinforcement materials in composite applications.
Keywords: oil palm empty fruit bunch; mechanical properties; green composites; saturated bioadsorbents; agro-industrial residues valorization; circular bioeconomy oil palm empty fruit bunch; mechanical properties; green composites; saturated bioadsorbents; agro-industrial residues valorization; circular bioeconomy
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MDPI and ACS Style

Almeida-Naranjo, C.E.; Aguilar, A.D.; Valle, V.; Bastidas-Caldes, C.; Debut, A.; Sinchiguano, B. A Circular Bioeconomy Approach to Using Post-Bioadsorbent Materials Intended for the Removal of Domestic Wastewater Contaminants as Potential Reinforcements. Polymers 2024, 16, 1822. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131822

AMA Style

Almeida-Naranjo CE, Aguilar AD, Valle V, Bastidas-Caldes C, Debut A, Sinchiguano B. A Circular Bioeconomy Approach to Using Post-Bioadsorbent Materials Intended for the Removal of Domestic Wastewater Contaminants as Potential Reinforcements. Polymers. 2024; 16(13):1822. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131822

Chicago/Turabian Style

Almeida-Naranjo, Cristina E., Alex Darío Aguilar, Vladimir Valle, Carlos Bastidas-Caldes, Alexis Debut, and Britanny Sinchiguano. 2024. "A Circular Bioeconomy Approach to Using Post-Bioadsorbent Materials Intended for the Removal of Domestic Wastewater Contaminants as Potential Reinforcements" Polymers 16, no. 13: 1822. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131822

APA Style

Almeida-Naranjo, C. E., Aguilar, A. D., Valle, V., Bastidas-Caldes, C., Debut, A., & Sinchiguano, B. (2024). A Circular Bioeconomy Approach to Using Post-Bioadsorbent Materials Intended for the Removal of Domestic Wastewater Contaminants as Potential Reinforcements. Polymers, 16(13), 1822. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131822

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