Investigation of the Effects of Chain Extender on Material Properties of PLA/PCL and PLA/PEG Blends: Comparative Study between Polycaprolactone and Polyethylene Glycol
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experiment and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of Blends
2.3. Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Phase Morphology
3.2. X-ray Diffraction Analysis
3.3. Thermal Properties
3.4. Thermal Stability
3.5. Thermomechanical Properties
3.6. Mechanical Properties
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Name | Composition | Blend Ratio (PLA:PCL) | Blend Ratio (PLA:PEG) | Joncryl (wt.%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PLA Neat | PLA | 100:0 | 100:0 | - |
PCL Neat | PCL | 0:100 | - | - |
PEG Neat | PEG | - | 0:100 | - |
PLA/PCL 70/30 | PLA/PCL | 70:30 | - | - |
PLA/PCL JC0.1 | PLA/PCL/Joncryl | 70:30 | - | 0.1 |
PLA/PCL JC0.3 | PLA/PCL/Joncryl | 70:30 | - | 0.3 |
PLA/PCL JC0.5 | PLA/PCL/Joncryl | 70:30 | - | 0.5 |
PLA/PEG 70/30 | PLA/PEG | - | 70:30 | - |
PLA/PEG JC0.1 | PLA/PEG/Joncryl | - | 70:30 | 0.1 |
PLA/PEG JC0.3 | PLA/PEG/Joncryl | - | 70:30 | 0.3 |
PLA/PEG JC0.5 | PLA/PEG/Joncryl | - | 70:30 | 0.5 |
Sample Name | Tm PLA (°C) | ΔHm PLA (J/g) | Tcc PLA (°C) | Tm PCL (°C) | ΔHm PCL (J/g) | Tc PCL (°C) | Xc PLA (%) | Xc PCL (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PLA Neat | 151.0 ± 0.1 | 20.4 ± 0.5 | 125.9 ± 0.2 | - | - | - | 21.8 ± 0.5 | - |
PCL Neat | - | - | - | 57.8 ± 0.3 | 62.7 ± 0.7 | 30.1 ± 0.3 | - | 46.1 ± 0.5 |
PLA/PCL 70/30 | 148.9 ± 0.6 | 17.3 ± 0.6 | 119.1 ± 1.0 | 57.0 ± 0.4 | 16.9 ± 0.2 | 29.8 ± 0.5 | 26.4 ± 1.0 | 41.4 ± 0.5 |
PLA/PCL JC0.1 | 149.1 ± 0.1 | 20.7 ± 0.9 | 117.0 ± 1.1 | 57.3 ± 0.0 | 14.8 ± 1.2 | 29.3 ± 0.8 | 31.6 ± 1.3 | 36.3 ± 3.0 |
PLA/PCL JC0.3 | 149.7 ± 0.2 | 21.1 ± 2.5 | 118.1 ± 0.3 | 57.3 ± 0.2 | 15.7 ± 1.5 | 28.2 ± 0.0 | 32.2 ± 3.9 | 38.5 ± 3.7 |
PLA/PCL JC0.5 | 149.6 ± 0.4 | 19.6 ± 0.7 | 118.4 ± 1.5 | 57.2 ± 0.1 | 12.8 ± 0.1 | - | 29.9 ± 1.1 | 31.4 ± 0.3 |
Sample Name | Tm PLA (°C) | ΔHm PLA (J/g) | Tcc PLA (°C) | Tm PEG (°C) | ΔHm PEG (J/g) | Tc PEG (°C) | Xc PLA (%) | Xc PEG (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PLA Neat | 151.0 ± 0.1 | 20.4 ± 0.2 | 125.9 ± 0.5 | - | - | - | 21.8 ± 0.5 | - |
PEG Neat | - | - | - | 66.1 ± 0.4 | 170.3 ± 1.1 | 44.1 ± 0.5 | - | 86.4 ± 0.5 |
PLA/PEG 70/30 | 153.7 ± 1.5 | 27.8 ± 0.3 | - | - | - | 36.0 ± 1.2 | 42.4 ± 0.4 | - |
PLA/PEG JC0.1 | 153.0 ± 0.6 | 24.9 ± 0.6 | 88.9 ± 0.3 | - | - | 32.7 ± 1.0 | 38.0 ± 0.9 | - |
PLA/PEG JC0.3 | 152.3 ± 0.3 | 24.8 ± 0.4 | 88.2 ± 0.1 | - | - | 31.3 ± 1.0 | 37.8 ± 0.6 | - |
PLA/PEG JC0.5 | 151.6 ± 0.1 | 24.0 ± 0.2 | 88.2 ± 0.0 | - | - | 32.1 ± 0.5 | 36.6 ± 0.3 |
Sample Name | Tmax PLA (°C) | Tmax PCL (°C) | Tmax PEG (°C) |
---|---|---|---|
PLA Neat | 362.2 ± 1.9 | - | - |
PCL Neat | - | 402.1 ± 4.8 | |
PEG Neat | - | 390.2 ± 2.3 | |
PLA/PCL 70/30 | 361.3 ± 5.1 | 377.4 ± 4.3 | - |
PLA/PCL JC0.1 | 366.3 ± 3.6 | 401.6 ± 3.0 | - |
PLA/PCL JC0.3 | 365.1 ± 0.5 | 390.0 ± 0.7 | - |
PLA/PCL JC0.5 | 364.0 ± 1.7 | 384.5 ± 0 | - |
PLA/PEG 70/30 | 355.9 ± 2.6 | - | 304.9 ± 9.9 |
PLA/PEG JC0.1 | 352.4 ± 3.1 | - | 385.4 ± 11.3 |
PLA/PEG JC0.3 | 360.0 ± 9.1 | - | 377.9 ± 3.6 |
PLA/PEG JC0.5 | 358.6 ± 6.6 | - | 379.4 ± 2.9 |
Sample Name | Tensile (MPa) | Modulus (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
---|---|---|---|
PLA Neat | 106.3 ± 4.1 | 3390.2 ± 121.7 | 4.8 ± 0.5 |
PCL Neat | 37 ± 1.9 | 64.7 ± 4.2 | 660.5 ± 54.1 |
PLA/PCL 70/30 | 74.8 ± 2.0 | 1908.2 ± 33.5 | 12.6 ± 1.0 |
PLA/PCL JC0.1 | 72.1 ± 2.1 | 1295.7 ± 65.9 | 14.2 ± 1.4 |
PLA/PCL JC0.3 | 76 ± 1.9 | 1030.8 ± 47.0 | 14.6 ± 0.7 |
PLA/PCL JC0.5 | 81.1 ± 2.4 | 1120.1 ± 80.2 | 18.7 ± 0.8 |
Sample | Tensile (MPa) | Modulus (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
---|---|---|---|
PLA Neat | 106.3 ± 4.1 | 3390.2 ± 121.7 | 4.8 ± 0.5 |
PLA/PEG 70/30 | 23.8 ± 1.6 | 32.1 ± 2.0 | 253.2 ± 10.8 |
PLA/PEG JC0.1 | 21.7 ± 0.7 | 37.9 ± 1.5 | 160 ± 5.9 |
PLA/PEG JC0.3 | 24.5 ± 1.3 | 43.6 ± 1.1 | 187.6 ± 19.5 |
PLA/PEG JC0.5 | 23 ± 1.5 | 45.9 ± 2.8 | 218.7 ± 4.6 |
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Matumba, K.I.; Motloung, M.P.; Ojijo, V.; Ray, S.S.; Sadiku, E.R. Investigation of the Effects of Chain Extender on Material Properties of PLA/PCL and PLA/PEG Blends: Comparative Study between Polycaprolactone and Polyethylene Glycol. Polymers 2023, 15, 2230. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092230
Matumba KI, Motloung MP, Ojijo V, Ray SS, Sadiku ER. Investigation of the Effects of Chain Extender on Material Properties of PLA/PCL and PLA/PEG Blends: Comparative Study between Polycaprolactone and Polyethylene Glycol. Polymers. 2023; 15(9):2230. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092230
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatumba, Karabo Innocent, Mpho Phillip Motloung, Vincent Ojijo, Suprakas Sinha Ray, and Emmanuel Rotimi Sadiku. 2023. "Investigation of the Effects of Chain Extender on Material Properties of PLA/PCL and PLA/PEG Blends: Comparative Study between Polycaprolactone and Polyethylene Glycol" Polymers 15, no. 9: 2230. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092230