Effect of Carbon Fibres on Electromagnetic-Interference-Shielding Properties of Geopolymer Composites
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. SEM
5. Conclusions
- Twenty-eight days’ compressive strength showed an increase with the increase in the CF content for each CF size. However, on average, the compressive strength showed a drop with the CF size.
- The flexural strength showed gradual improvement with the increase in the CF content for a given size. It could be observed that, in order to increase the flexural strength of these composites significantly, the CF content needs to be higher than 0.5%.
- The electrical conductivity increased with the size and the content of the CFs. However, when the CF of a given size increased, the rate of increasing the conductivity gradually dropped, indicating that the electrical conductivity would reach a saturation level.
- Increasing the CF content showed a gradual increase in the EMI shielding. However, the rate of increase in EMI shielding was reduced with increasing CF content, indicating saturation of EMI-shielding properties. Increasing the CF size also showed a beneficial effect on the shielding properties, with 0.7% of 12 mm CFs showing the best shielding properties, which is 43.43 dB over the tested frequency range.
- SEM analyses of the composites showed that the CFs have been distributed evenly throughout the matrix in random orientations mixed with other constituents.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Properties | Physical Properties | ||
---|---|---|---|
CaO | 3.30% | Relative density | 2.29 |
SiO2 | 50.40% | Moisture | <0.1% |
Al2O3 | 31.50% | Relative water requirement | 93% |
Fe2O3 | 10.40% | Sulphuric anhydride | 0.10% |
SO3 | 0.10% | Chloride ion | 0.00% |
MgO | 1.10% | Chemical composition | 92.30% |
Na2O | 0.30% | Loss on ignition | 1.10% |
K2O | 0.50% | Strength index | 102% |
SrO | <0.1% | ||
TiO2 | 1.90% | ||
P2O5 | 0.50% | ||
Mn2O3 | 0.20% | ||
Total alkali | 0.60% |
Chemical Properties | Physical Properties | ||
---|---|---|---|
FeO | 1.30% | Bulk density | 850 kg/m3 |
CaO | 38–43% | Glass content | >85% |
SiO2 | 32–37% | Angle of repose | Approx. 35° |
Al2O3 | 13–16% | Chloride ion | <0.025% |
MgO | 5–8% | ||
TiO2 | 1.50% | ||
MnO | 0.50% | ||
Hydraulic index | 1.7–1.9% |
Mix | Label | Fly Ash | GGBFS | Water | 45/50 Sand | NaOH | Sodium Silicate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | GC | 0.56 | 0.44 | 0.17 | 0.81 | 0.11 | 0.29 |
Type and Length of CFs | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Tensile Modulus (GPa) | Electrical Resistivity (Ω∙cm) | Density (g/cm3) | Fibre Diameter (µm) | Carbon Content (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unsized 3 mm | 4137 | 242 | 1.55 × 10−3 | 1.8 | 7 | 95 |
Unsized 6 mm | 4137 | 242 | 1.55 × 10−3 | 1.8 | 7 | 95 |
Unsized 12 mm | 4137 | 242 | 1.55 × 10−3 | 1.8 | 7 | 95 |
Mix Label | CF Length | CF Content | Total Alkaline Solution |
---|---|---|---|
G3ZOL0.1 | 3 mm | 0.1% | 0.4 |
G3ZOL0.3 | 0.3% | 0.4 | |
G3ZOL0.5 | 0.5% | 0.4 | |
G3ZOL0.7 | 0.7% | 0.4 | |
G6ZOL0.1 | 6 mm | 0.1% | 0.4 |
G6ZOL0.3 | 0.3% | 0.4 | |
G6ZOL0.5 | 0.5% | 0.4 | |
G6ZOL0.7 | 0.7% | 0.4 | |
G12ZOL0.1 | 12 mm | 0.1% | 0.4 |
G12ZOL0.3 | 0.3% | 0.4 | |
G12ZOL0.5 | 0.5% | 0.4 | |
G12ZOL0.7 | 0.7% | 0.4 |
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Wanasinghe, D.; Aslani, F.; Ma, G. Effect of Carbon Fibres on Electromagnetic-Interference-Shielding Properties of Geopolymer Composites. Polymers 2022, 14, 3750. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183750
Wanasinghe D, Aslani F, Ma G. Effect of Carbon Fibres on Electromagnetic-Interference-Shielding Properties of Geopolymer Composites. Polymers. 2022; 14(18):3750. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183750
Chicago/Turabian StyleWanasinghe, Dimuthu, Farhad Aslani, and Guowei Ma. 2022. "Effect of Carbon Fibres on Electromagnetic-Interference-Shielding Properties of Geopolymer Composites" Polymers 14, no. 18: 3750. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183750