Novel Immobilized Biocatalysts Based on Cysteine Proteases Bound to 2-(4-Acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) Chitosan and Research on Their Structural Features
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. 2-(4-Acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) Chitosan Synthesis and Characterization
2.3. Molecular Docking
2.4. Enzyme Immobilization
2.5. Protein Content Measurement
2.6. Proteolytic Activity Evaluation of the Immobilized Enzymes
3. Results
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wavenumber, cm−1 | Band Description |
---|---|
1005 | Planar deformation vibrations of the C-H bonds of the 1,4-disubstituted aromatic cycles |
1035 | Vibrations of the C-O-C bonds in the pyranose cycles |
1050 | |
1120 | Planar deformation vibrations of the C-H bonds of the 1,4-disubstituted aromatic cycles |
1136 | Stretching symmetric vibrations of the SO2 groups |
1157 | Stretching vibrations of the 1,4-glycosidic bonds |
1296 | Vibrations of the SO2 groups |
1332 | Amide III, stretching vibrations of the C-N bonds |
1402 | Stretching asymmetric vibrations of the SO2 groups |
1461 | Stretching breathing vibrations of the benzene cycles |
1517 | |
1551 | Amide II, deformation vibrations of the N-H bonds |
1595 | Deformation planar vibrations of the primary amine N-H bonds |
1629 | Amide I, stretching vibrations of the C=O bonds |
2758 | Stretching symmetric vibrations of the methylene groups |
2808 | |
2892 | |
2934 | Stretching asymmetric vibrations of the methylene groups |
2974 | Stretching asymmetric vibrations of the methyl groups |
3104 | Stretching vibrations of the C-H bonds in aromatic cycles |
3181 |
Affinity, kcal/mol | Amino Acid Residues Forming | ||
---|---|---|---|
H-Bonds, Length, Å | Other Interactions | ||
(1) Bromelain | |||
−10.0 | Thr15 Gln20 Asn21 Cys23 His158 Lys179 Trp180 Gly184 | 3.12 3.17 2.88 3.02 3.15 3.22 3.15 2.72 | Val14, Ser16, Val17, Lys18, Asn19, Pro22, Phe29, Ala33, Glu36, Ser37, Lys64, Gly65, Gly66, Trp67, Glu68, Ala133, Ala136, Asn137, Asn157, Val160, Ile163, Ala178, Tyr185, Ile186 |
(2) Papain | |||
−7.4 | Ser21 Cys25 Asn64 Gly66 Gln142 Asp158 Trp177 Ser205 | 3.27 3.10 3.01 3.10 2.94 3.07 3.03 3.10 | Asn18, Gln19, Gly20, Cys22, Gly23, Tyr61, Cys63, Gly65, Tyr67, Val133, His159 |
(3) Ficin | |||
−7.9 | Gln19 Gly20 Cys22 Met70 Asn160 Asp161 | 2.97 2.74 2.81 3.12 2.77 2.97 | Lys21, Gly23, Sch25, Tyr60, Lys66, Gly67, Gly68, Trp69, Asp71, Ala139, Ser140, Lys145, Ala159, Trp184, Trp188, Glu212 |
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Olshannikova, S.S.; Malykhina, N.V.; Lavlinskaya, M.S.; Sorokin, A.V.; Yudin, N.E.; Vyshkvorkina, Y.M.; Lukin, A.N.; Holyavka, M.G.; Artyukhov, V.G. Novel Immobilized Biocatalysts Based on Cysteine Proteases Bound to 2-(4-Acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) Chitosan and Research on Their Structural Features. Polymers 2022, 14, 3223. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153223
Olshannikova SS, Malykhina NV, Lavlinskaya MS, Sorokin AV, Yudin NE, Vyshkvorkina YM, Lukin AN, Holyavka MG, Artyukhov VG. Novel Immobilized Biocatalysts Based on Cysteine Proteases Bound to 2-(4-Acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) Chitosan and Research on Their Structural Features. Polymers. 2022; 14(15):3223. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153223
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlshannikova, Svetlana S., Nataliya V. Malykhina, Maria S. Lavlinskaya, Andrey V. Sorokin, Nikolay E. Yudin, Yulia M. Vyshkvorkina, Anatoliy N. Lukin, Marina G. Holyavka, and Valeriy G. Artyukhov. 2022. "Novel Immobilized Biocatalysts Based on Cysteine Proteases Bound to 2-(4-Acetamido-2-sulfanilamide) Chitosan and Research on Their Structural Features" Polymers 14, no. 15: 3223. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153223