Effect of Polymer Dissolution Temperature and Conditioning Time on the Morphological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes Prepared by Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Membrane Preparation
2.3. Membrane Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Effect of Varying Dissolution Temperature | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Top Surface | Bottom Surface | Cross Section | ||
25 °C/0 min | ||||
50 °C/0 min | ||||
75 °C/0 min | ||||
100 °C/0 min | ||||
125 °C/0 min | ||||
150 °C/0 min |
Effect of Varying Drying Time | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Top Surface | Bottom Surface | Cross Section | ||
25 °C/0 min | ||||
25 °C/2.5 min | ||||
25 °C/5 min | ||||
25 °C/10 min |
Sample | 25 °C/0 min | 25 °C/2.5 min | 25 °C/5 min | 25 °C/10 min | 75 °C/0 min | 125 °C/0 min |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔHf (J/g) | 57.2 ± 2.9 | 50 ± 2.5 | 58.7 ± 2.9 | 54.5 ± 2.7 | 50.1 ± 2.5 | 52.2 ± 2.6 |
χc (%) | 57.5 ± 2.9 | 50.6 ± 2.5 | 59.2 ± 3.0 | 55.7 ± 2.8 | 52.2 ± 2.6 | 55.1 ± 2.8 |
Sample | Young’s Modulus (MPa) | Yield Strain (%) | Strain at Break (%) |
---|---|---|---|
25 °C/0 min | 300 ± 15 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 81.2 ± 4.1 |
50 °C/0 min | 200 ± 10 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 12.0 ± 0.8 |
75 °C/0 min | 70 ± 4 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 6.4 ± 0.3 |
100 °C/0 min | 100 ± 5 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.3 |
125 °C/0 min | 200 ± 13 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 47.4 ± 3.1 |
150 °C/0 min | 100 ± 6 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 12.0 ± 2.0 |
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Teixeira, J.; Cardoso, V.F.; Botelho, G.; Morão, A.M.; Nunes-Pereira, J.; Lanceros-Mendez, S. Effect of Polymer Dissolution Temperature and Conditioning Time on the Morphological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes Prepared by Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation. Polymers 2021, 13, 4062. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234062
Teixeira J, Cardoso VF, Botelho G, Morão AM, Nunes-Pereira J, Lanceros-Mendez S. Effect of Polymer Dissolution Temperature and Conditioning Time on the Morphological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes Prepared by Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation. Polymers. 2021; 13(23):4062. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234062
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeixeira, João, Vanessa Fernandes Cardoso, Gabriela Botelho, António Miguel Morão, João Nunes-Pereira, and Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez. 2021. "Effect of Polymer Dissolution Temperature and Conditioning Time on the Morphological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes Prepared by Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation" Polymers 13, no. 23: 4062. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234062