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Polymers
Volume 12
Issue 2
10.3390/polym12020308
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Article

Different Approaches to Oxygen Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Effect on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyamide 12 Based Composites

by
Magdalena Kwiatkowska
1,
Robert Pełech
2,
Anna Jędrzejewska
3,
Dariusz Moszyński
2 and
Iwona Pełech
2,*
1
West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
2
West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland
3
Łukasiewicz Research Network–PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Polymers 2020, 12(2), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020308
Submission received: 20 December 2019 / Revised: 12 January 2020 / Accepted: 18 January 2020 / Published: 3 February 2020
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Abstract

In this work the preparation of polyamide 12 (PA12) based composites reinforced with pristine and surface-modified carbon nanotubes is reported. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of multi-walled carbon nanotube functionalization with oxygen containing reactive groups achieved by different procedures of chemical treatment is presented. Simple strong oxidative acid treatment as well as chlorination with subsequent chloroacetic acid treatment were applied. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were also subjected to chlorine and ammonia in gaseous atmosphere with small differences in after-ammonia treatment. Commercial COOH-functionalized carbon nanotubes were compared with nanotubes that were laboratory modified. The effect of CNT functionalization was evaluated basing on the improvement of mechanical and thermal properties of polyamide 12 composites prepared by in situ polymerization. It was found that high concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups on nanotube surface is not sufficient to improve the composite performance if the structure of carbon nanotubes is defective. Indeed, the best effects were achieved for composites containing nanotubes modified under mild conditions, seemingly due to a compromise between morphology and surface chemical structure.
Keywords: polyamides; nanomaterials; functionalization; composites; mechanical properties; thermal properties polyamides; nanomaterials; functionalization; composites; mechanical properties; thermal properties

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kwiatkowska, M.; Pełech, R.; Jędrzejewska, A.; Moszyński, D.; Pełech, I. Different Approaches to Oxygen Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Effect on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyamide 12 Based Composites. Polymers 2020, 12, 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020308

AMA Style

Kwiatkowska M, Pełech R, Jędrzejewska A, Moszyński D, Pełech I. Different Approaches to Oxygen Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Effect on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyamide 12 Based Composites. Polymers. 2020; 12(2):308. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020308

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwiatkowska, Magdalena, Robert Pełech, Anna Jędrzejewska, Dariusz Moszyński, and Iwona Pełech. 2020. "Different Approaches to Oxygen Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Effect on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyamide 12 Based Composites" Polymers 12, no. 2: 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020308

APA Style

Kwiatkowska, M., Pełech, R., Jędrzejewska, A., Moszyński, D., & Pełech, I. (2020). Different Approaches to Oxygen Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Effect on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyamide 12 Based Composites. Polymers, 12(2), 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020308

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