Recrystallization and Micronization of p-Toluenesulfonamide Using the Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution (RESS) Process
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experiment
2.1. Materials
2.2. Apparatus and Procedure
2.3. Design of Experiments
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Analysis and Verification of Taguchi Experiments
3.2. Identification of Micronized Products
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Control Factor | Level | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | |
A. Extraction temperature (°C) | 40 | 45 | 50 |
B. Extraction pressure (MPa) | 180 | 200 | 220 |
C. Pre-expansion temperature (°C) | 180 | 200 | 220 |
D. Post-expansion temperature (°C) | 20 | 30 | 40 |
Exp. No. | Extraction Temperature (°C) | Extraction Pressure (MPa) | Pre-Expansion Temperature (°C) | Post-Expansion Temperature (°C) |
---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | 40 | 180 | 180 | 20 |
A2 | 40 | 200 | 200 | 30 |
A3 | 40 | 220 | 220 | 40 |
A4 | 45 | 180 | 200 | 40 |
A5 | 45 | 200 | 220 | 20 |
A6 | 45 | 220 | 180 | 30 |
A7 | 50 | 180 | 220 | 30 |
A8 | 50 | 200 | 180 | 40 |
A9 | 50 | 220 | 200 | 20 |
Exp. No. | Measured Particle Number (-) | Average Particle Size (µm) | Relative Standard Deviation (%) |
---|---|---|---|
A1 | 851 | 1.83 | 3.7 |
A2 | 1088 | 1.39 | 4.0 |
A3 | 1039 | 1.26 | 4.2 |
A4 | 868 | 2.53 | 3.5 |
A5 | 856 | 1.89 | 4.1 |
A6 | 892 | 1.63 | 5.3 |
A7 | 1285 | 1.45 | 4.1 |
A8 | 922 | 1.37 | 4.7 |
A9 | 927 | 1.40 | 4.6 |
Level | Control Factors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
A (Extraction Temperature) | B (Extraction Pressure) | C (Pre-Expansion Temperature) | D (Post-Expansion Temperature) | |
1 | 1.49 | 1.94 | 1.61 | 1.71 |
2 | 2.02 | 1.55 | 1.77 | 1.49 |
3 | 1.41 | 1.43 | 1.53 | 1.72 |
Range | 0.61 | 0.51 | 0.24 | 0.23 |
Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
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Yang, T.-M.; Su, C.-S.; Li, J.-S.; Lu, K.-T.; Yeh, T.-F. Recrystallization and Micronization of p-Toluenesulfonamide Using the Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution (RESS) Process. Crystals 2019, 9, 449. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9090449
Yang T-M, Su C-S, Li J-S, Lu K-T, Yeh T-F. Recrystallization and Micronization of p-Toluenesulfonamide Using the Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution (RESS) Process. Crystals. 2019; 9(9):449. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9090449
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Tsung-Mao, Chie-Shaan Su, Jin-Shuh Li, Kai-Tai Lu, and Tsao-Fa Yeh. 2019. "Recrystallization and Micronization of p-Toluenesulfonamide Using the Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution (RESS) Process" Crystals 9, no. 9: 449. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9090449