Boron-Based Compounds for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: A Review

Kozhakhmetov, Yernat; Kurbanbekov, Sherzod; Mukhamedova, Nurya; Urkunbay, Azamat; Kizatov, Aibar; Bayatanova, Leila; Nurdillayeva, Raushan; Baltabayeva, Dilnoza

doi:10.3390/cryst15060536

Open AccessArticle

Boron-Based Compounds for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: A Review

by

Yernat Kozhakhmetov

¹,

Sherzod Kurbanbekov

^2,*,

Nurya Mukhamedova

³

,

Azamat Urkunbay

¹,

Aibar Kizatov

¹

,

Leila Bayatanova

¹,

Raushan Nurdillayeva

²

and

Dilnoza Baltabayeva

²

¹

Center of Excellence “VERITAS”, NJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», Ust-Kamenogorsk 070004, Kazakhstan

²

The Research Institute “Natural Sciences, Nanotechnology and New Materials”, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan 161200, Kazakhstan

³

Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Crystals 2025, 15(6), 536; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15060536

Submission received: 15 April 2025 / Revised: 26 May 2025 / Accepted: 30 May 2025 / Published: 3 June 2025

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Abstract

Due to the depletion of hydrocarbon resources worldwide, intensive research is being conducted to identify alternative energy carriers. Hydrogen has emerged as a promising candidate due to its high energy density and environmentally friendly nature. However, large-scale implementation of hydrogen energy is hindered by the lack of safe, efficient, and cost-effective storage methods. Among the various materials studied for solid-state hydrogen storage, boron nitride (BN)-based compounds have attracted significant attention owing to their high thermal stability, tunable morphology, and potential for physisorption-based storage. This review focuses on recent advances in the synthesis, functionalization, and structural optimization of BN-based materials, including nanotubes, nanosheets, porous frameworks, and chemically modified BN. Although other boron-containing hydrides such as LiBH₄, Mg(BH₄)₂, and closo-borates are briefly mentioned for comparison, the primary emphasis is placed on BN-related systems. This paper discusses various modification strategies aimed at enhancing hydrogen uptake and reversibility, offering insights into the future potential of BN-based materials in hydrogen storage technologies.

Keywords: hydrogen storage; boron-based compounds; boron nitride; h-BN

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kozhakhmetov, Y.; Kurbanbekov, S.; Mukhamedova, N.; Urkunbay, A.; Kizatov, A.; Bayatanova, L.; Nurdillayeva, R.; Baltabayeva, D. Boron-Based Compounds for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: A Review. Crystals 2025, 15, 536. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15060536

AMA Style

Kozhakhmetov Y, Kurbanbekov S, Mukhamedova N, Urkunbay A, Kizatov A, Bayatanova L, Nurdillayeva R, Baltabayeva D. Boron-Based Compounds for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: A Review. Crystals. 2025; 15(6):536. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15060536

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kozhakhmetov, Yernat, Sherzod Kurbanbekov, Nurya Mukhamedova, Azamat Urkunbay, Aibar Kizatov, Leila Bayatanova, Raushan Nurdillayeva, and Dilnoza Baltabayeva. 2025. "Boron-Based Compounds for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: A Review" Crystals 15, no. 6: 536. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15060536

APA Style

Kozhakhmetov, Y., Kurbanbekov, S., Mukhamedova, N., Urkunbay, A., Kizatov, A., Bayatanova, L., Nurdillayeva, R., & Baltabayeva, D. (2025). Boron-Based Compounds for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: A Review. Crystals, 15(6), 536. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15060536

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