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Volume 15
Issue 3
10.3390/cryst15030258
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Article

Effects of Zr Alloying on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of CoCrNi Medium Entropy Alloy

by
Ao Li
1,
Zurong Gong
1,
Dong Li
1,
Xiaohong Wang
1,*,
Yunting Su
1,
Tengfei Ma
1,
Bin Liu
2 and
Baochen Zhang
3
1
College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China
2
Keling Refractory Materials Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313000, China
3
Shandong Nuotai Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., Jining 272000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2025, 15(3), 258; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15030258
Submission received: 20 February 2025 / Revised: 7 March 2025 / Accepted: 8 March 2025 / Published: 10 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Deformation of Advanced Alloys)
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Abstract

Alloying provides an effective approach to designing metallic materials with unique microstructures and enhanced performance. In this work, we developed a series of (CoCrNi)100−xZrx (where x = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) medium entropy alloys (MEAs) by vacuum arc-melting method. The effects of Zr addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of (CoCrNi)100−xZrx MEAs were systematically investigated. Due to the negative mixing enthalpy of Zr with Co, Cr, and Ni, lamellar C15 Laves-phase precipitates formed within the ductile FCC matrix. As the Zr content increases, the alloys exhibit higher strength but become more brittle at room temperature. Among the (CoCrNi)100−xZrx MEAs series, the CoCrNiZr3 MEA shows an excellent balance between strength and ductility, achieving a compressive yield strength of 610 MPa and a hardness of 249 HV, respectively, while maintaining a good ductility beyond 45%. Microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope suggests that this outstanding strength-ductility balance of CoCrNiZr3 MEA arises from the synergistic effect of precipitation strengthening and solid solution strengthening. These findings not only provide deeper insight into the interaction between different strengthening mechanisms but also offer valuable guidance for designing high-performance multi-component alloys through strategic alloying.
Keywords: medium entropy alloys; Zr alloying; Laves phase; microstructure; mechanical properties medium entropy alloys; Zr alloying; Laves phase; microstructure; mechanical properties

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, A.; Gong, Z.; Li, D.; Wang, X.; Su, Y.; Ma, T.; Liu, B.; Zhang, B. Effects of Zr Alloying on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of CoCrNi Medium Entropy Alloy. Crystals 2025, 15, 258. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15030258

AMA Style

Li A, Gong Z, Li D, Wang X, Su Y, Ma T, Liu B, Zhang B. Effects of Zr Alloying on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of CoCrNi Medium Entropy Alloy. Crystals. 2025; 15(3):258. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15030258

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Ao, Zurong Gong, Dong Li, Xiaohong Wang, Yunting Su, Tengfei Ma, Bin Liu, and Baochen Zhang. 2025. "Effects of Zr Alloying on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of CoCrNi Medium Entropy Alloy" Crystals 15, no. 3: 258. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15030258

APA Style

Li, A., Gong, Z., Li, D., Wang, X., Su, Y., Ma, T., Liu, B., & Zhang, B. (2025). Effects of Zr Alloying on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of CoCrNi Medium Entropy Alloy. Crystals, 15(3), 258. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15030258

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