Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bi-Modal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix

Hamid, Fadel S.; A. Elkady, Omayma; Essa, A. R. S.; El-Nikhaily, A.; Elsayed, Ayman; Eessaa, Ashraf K.

doi:10.3390/cryst11091081

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bi-Modal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix

by

Fadel S. Hamid

^1,*

,

Omayma A. Elkady

²,

A. R. S. Essa

^1,3

,

A. El-Nikhaily

¹,

Ayman Elsayed

² and

Ashraf K. Eessaa

⁴

¹

Mechanical Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Suez University, Suez 43519, Egypt

²

Powder Technology Division, Manufacturing Technology Department, Central Metallurgical R & D Institute, 1 Elfelezat St. Eltebeen, Cairo 11421, Egypt

³

Mechanical Engineering Department, Egyptian Academy for Engineering & Advanced Technology, Affiliated to Ministry of Military Production, Cairo 3056, Egypt

⁴

Nanotechnology Lab El Nozha, Electronic Research Institute (E.R.I.), Cairo 12622, Egypt

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Crystals 2021, 11(9), 1081; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091081

Submission received: 25 July 2021 / Revised: 26 August 2021 / Accepted: 2 September 2021 / Published: 6 September 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fabrication of Carbon and Related Materials/Metal Hybrids and Composites)

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Abstract

Bi-modal particles are used as reinforcements for Cu-matrix. Nano TiC and/or Al₂O₃ were mechanically mixed with Cu particles for 24 h. The Cu-TiC/Al₂O₃ composites were successfully produced using spark plasma sintering (SPS). To investigate the effect of TiC and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-TiC/Al₂O₃ nanocomposites, they were added, whether individually or combined, to the copper (Cu) matrix at 3, 6, and 9 wt.%. The results showed that titanium carbide was homogeneously distributed in the copper matrix, whereas alumina nanoparticles showed some agglomeration at Cu grain boundaries. The crystallite size exhibited a clear reduction as a reaction to the increase of the reinforcement ratio. Furthermore, increasing the TiC and Al₂O₃ nanoparticle content in the Cu-TiC/Al₂O₃ composites reduced the relative density from 95% for Cu-1.5 wt.% TiC and 1.5 wt.% Al₂O₃ to 89% for Cu-4.5 wt.% TiC and 4.5 wt.% Al₂O₃. Cu-9 wt.% TiC achieved a maximum compressive strength of 851.99 N/mm². Hardness values increased with increasing ceramic content.

Keywords: copper; nanocomposites; metal-matrix composites (MMCs); mechanical properties; spark plasma sintering

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hamid, F.S.; A. Elkady, O.; Essa, A.R.S.; El-Nikhaily, A.; Elsayed, A.; Eessaa, A.K. Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bi-Modal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix. Crystals 2021, 11, 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091081

AMA Style

Hamid FS, A. Elkady O, Essa ARS, El-Nikhaily A, Elsayed A, Eessaa AK. Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bi-Modal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix. Crystals. 2021; 11(9):1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091081

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hamid, Fadel S., Omayma A. Elkady, A. R. S. Essa, A. El-Nikhaily, Ayman Elsayed, and Ashraf K. Eessaa. 2021. "Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bi-Modal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix" Crystals 11, no. 9: 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091081

APA Style

Hamid, F. S., A. Elkady, O., Essa, A. R. S., El-Nikhaily, A., Elsayed, A., & Eessaa, A. K. (2021). Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bi-Modal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix. Crystals, 11(9), 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091081

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Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Bi-Modal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix

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