Non-Invasive Approach to Investigate the Mineralogy and Production Technology of the Mosaic Tesserae from the Roman Domus of Villa San Pancrazio (Taormina, Italy)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
The Archaeological Context
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sampling
2.2. Instruments
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Stone Tesserae
3.1.1. White and Black Tesserae
3.1.2. Pink and Red Tesserae
3.1.3. Orange and Yellow Tesserae
3.2. Glass Tesserae
3.2.1. Semi-Opaque Tesserae
3.2.2. Blue Glass Tesserae
3.2.3. Red Opaque Glass Tessera
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample ID | Si | Ti | Al | Fe | Mn | Mg | Ca | K | P | Cr | Ni | Rb | Sr | Zr | V | Zn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7117P | N.D. | N.D. | 0.13 | 0.24 | 0.02 | 17.48 | 81.82 | 0.03 | 0.05 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 0.20 | 0.02 | N.D. | 0.01 |
1117R | 10.25 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.98 | 0.01 | N.D. | 88.47 | 0.01 | 0.05 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 0.13 | 0.01 | N.D. | N.D. |
11,222P | N.D. | N.D. | 0.01 | 0.29 | N.D. | 19.71 | 79.65 | N.D. | 0.04 | N.D. | 0.02 | N.D. | 0.18 | N.D. | N.D. | 0.01 |
9222O | 43.97 | 1.339 | 12.56 | 17.22 | 0.09 | 3.05 | 16.63 | 4.28 | N.D. | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
10,222Y | 19.76 | 0.57 | 0.38 | 1.66 | 0.04 | 1.71 | 75.16 | 0.25 | 0.24 | N.D. | 0.01 | N.D. | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
Sample ID | Si | Ti | Al | Fe | S | Mn | Ca | Na | Mg | K | Sr | Cu | Zn | Co | Sb | Pb | Sn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
16117V | 72.49 | 0.20 | 5.88 | 1.39 | N.D. | 0.61 | 12.73 | 1.14 | N.D. | 2.05 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 0.02 | N.D. | 3.13 | 0.09 | N.D. |
1118V | 71.67 | 0.15 | 9.28 | 1.32 | N.D. | 0.30 | 11.49 | 1.29 | N.D. | 1.18 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 0.02 | N.D. | 2.93 | 0.10 | N.D. |
2118V | 71.15 | 0.17 | 9.91 | 1.37 | N.D. | 0.32 | 11.57 | 0.76 | N.D. | 1.19 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 0.02 | N.D. | 3.25 | 0.07 | N.D. |
14,117BV | 55.41 | 0.10 | 1.76 | 1.82 | N.D. | 0.62 | 13.82 | 12.25 | N.D. | 0.85 | 0.23 | 0.38 | N.D. | 0.10 | 12.51 | 0.07 | N.D. |
17,117BV | 60.80 | 0.23 | 7.54 | 2.80 | 0.29 | 0.62 | 10.99 | 4.27 | 0.30 | 3.54 | 0.22 | 0.60 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 6.72 | 0.87 | N.D. |
18,117BV | 57.51 | 0.17 | 3.22 | 2.38 | 0.47 | 1.11 | 13.96 | 10.38 | 0.15 | 1.75 | 0.20 | 0.44 | 0.01 | 0.24 | 6.53 | 1.43 | N.D. |
15,117RV | 34.32 | 0.14 | 1.17 | 5.49 | N.D. | 0.18 | 6.75 | 14.26 | N.D. | 1.40 | 0.12 | 4.05 | 0.04 | N.D. | 2.17 | 29.33 | 0.47 |
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Gomez-Laserna, O.; Irto, A.; Irizar, P.; Lando, G.; Bretti, C.; Martinez-Arkarazo, I.; Campagna, L.; Cardiano, P. Non-Invasive Approach to Investigate the Mineralogy and Production Technology of the Mosaic Tesserae from the Roman Domus of Villa San Pancrazio (Taormina, Italy). Crystals 2021, 11, 1423. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111423
Gomez-Laserna O, Irto A, Irizar P, Lando G, Bretti C, Martinez-Arkarazo I, Campagna L, Cardiano P. Non-Invasive Approach to Investigate the Mineralogy and Production Technology of the Mosaic Tesserae from the Roman Domus of Villa San Pancrazio (Taormina, Italy). Crystals. 2021; 11(11):1423. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111423
Chicago/Turabian StyleGomez-Laserna, Olivia, Anna Irto, Pablo Irizar, Gabriele Lando, Clemente Bretti, Irantzu Martinez-Arkarazo, Lorenzo Campagna, and Paola Cardiano. 2021. "Non-Invasive Approach to Investigate the Mineralogy and Production Technology of the Mosaic Tesserae from the Roman Domus of Villa San Pancrazio (Taormina, Italy)" Crystals 11, no. 11: 1423. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111423