Co-Aromatization of n-Butane and Methanol over PtSnK-Mo/ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts: The Promotion Effect of Ball-Milling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Catalyst Characterization
2.2. Influence of Preparation Method on the Aromatization of Cofeeding n-Butane with Methanol
2.3. PtSnK–Mo/ZSM-5 Catalyst Stability for Co-Aromatization
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Catalyst Preparation
3.2. Catalyst Characterization
3.3. Catalyst Evaluation
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | XRF Analysis (wt.%) | SBET (m2·g−1) | t-Plot | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pt | Sn | Mo/Ga | Smicro (m2·g−1) | Vmicro (cm3·g−1) | D (nm) | ||
Pt Mo IMP | 0.45 | 0.93 | 1.44 | 333 | 246 | 0.093 | 2.7 |
Pt Ga IMP | 0.46 | 0.92 | 1.46 | 324 | 242 | 0.092 | 2.8 |
Pt Mo BM | 0.47 | 0.94 | 1.48 | 348 | 261 | 0.100 | 2.6 |
Pt Ga BM | 0.46 | 0.93 | 1.45 | 341 | 252 | 0.095 | 2.7 |
Catalyst | Pt Mo IMP | Pt Mo BM | Pt Ga IMP | Pt Ga BM |
---|---|---|---|---|
n-Butane conversion (%) | 62 | 69 | 58 | 51 |
Hydrocarbons distribution of reactor effluent (wt.%) | ||||
CH4 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 4 | 1.5 |
C2H6 + C3H8 + i-C4H10 | 8.8 | 17.2 | 17 | 15 |
C2H4 + C3H6 + C4H8 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 3 | 5.5 |
n-C4H10 | 38 | 31 | 42 | 49 |
CO + CO2 + H2 + C2H6O | 2.3 | 1.4 | 2 | 2.4 |
C5 + aliphatics | 3.5 | 1.5 | 3 | 1.9 |
Aromatics | 41 | 45 | 29 | 24.7 |
Aromatics selectivity (wt.%) | ||||
Benzene | 2.5 | 2 | 5.3 | 3.5 |
Toluene | 12.3 | 17.9 | 21.5 | 18.7 |
Xylenes + ethylbenzene | 50.8 | 52.8 | 50.2 | 54.2 |
Cn≥9 aromatics | 34.4 | 27.3 | 23 | 23.6 |
Catalyst | Pt Mo IMP | Pt Mo BM | Pt Ga IMP | Pt Ga BM | Zn/CDM5 * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reaction temperature (°C) | 475 | 475 | 450 | 450 | 480 |
n-Butane conversion (%) | 65 | 86 | 74.7 | 76 | 62.7 |
Hydrocarbons distribution of reactor effluent (wt.%) | |||||
CH4 | 4.8 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 2.89 |
C2H6 + C3H8 + i-C4H10 | 12.6 | 16.5 | 26.3 | 12.2 | 23.3 |
C2H4 + C3H6 + C4H8 | 1.1 | 3.5 | 5 | 2 | 7.33 |
n-C4H10 | 35 | 14 | 25.3 | 24 | 37.3 |
CO + CO2 + H2 + C2H6O | 1.2 | 1.0 | 2 | 1.6 | 1.94 |
C5 + aliphatics | 1.3 | 0.7 | 3.3 | 2 | 1.57 |
Aromatics | 38 | 59 | 26 | 48 | 25.67 |
Aromatics selectivity in the liquid product (wt.%) | |||||
Benzene | 2.8 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 2.0 | 7.7 |
Toluene | 21.2 | 15.7 | 26.4 | 14.0 | 37.6 |
Xylenes + ethylbenzene | 52.7 | 60.0 | 49.0 | 47.0 | 38.0 |
Cn≥9 aromatics | 23.3 | 19 | 18 | 37.0 | 16.7 |
Coke (mg/g.cat.) | 101 | 80 | 120 | 100 | 160 |
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Yang, K.; Zhu, L.; Zhang, J.; Huo, X.; Lai, W.; Lian, Y.; Fang, W. Co-Aromatization of n-Butane and Methanol over PtSnK-Mo/ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts: The Promotion Effect of Ball-Milling. Catalysts 2018, 8, 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8080307
Yang K, Zhu L, Zhang J, Huo X, Lai W, Lian Y, Fang W. Co-Aromatization of n-Butane and Methanol over PtSnK-Mo/ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts: The Promotion Effect of Ball-Milling. Catalysts. 2018; 8(8):307. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8080307
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Kang, Lingting Zhu, Jie Zhang, Xiuchun Huo, Weikun Lai, Yixin Lian, and Weiping Fang. 2018. "Co-Aromatization of n-Butane and Methanol over PtSnK-Mo/ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts: The Promotion Effect of Ball-Milling" Catalysts 8, no. 8: 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8080307