Palladium-Based Catalysts as Electrodes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: A Last Ten Years Review
Instituto de Carboquímica (CSIC), Miguel Luesma Castán 4, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
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Academic Editors: Vincenzo Baglio and David Sebastián
Catalysts 2016, 6(9), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal6090130
Received: 14 July 2016
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Revised: 18 August 2016
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Accepted: 22 August 2016
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Published: 27 August 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis for Low Temperature Fuel Cells)
Platinum-based materials are accepted as the suitable electrocatalysts for anodes and cathodes in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Nonetheless, the increased demand and scarce world reserves of Pt, as well as some technical problems associated with its use, have motivated a wide research focused to design Pd-based catalysts, considering the similar properties between this metal and Pt. In this review, we present the most recent advancements about Pd-based catalysts, considering Pd, Pd alloys with different transition metals and non-carbon supported nanoparticles, as possible electrodes in DMFCs. In the case of the anode, different reported works have highlighted the capacity of these new materials for overcoming the CO poisoning and promote the oxidation of other intermediates generated during the methanol oxidation. Regarding the cathode, the studies have showed more positive onset potentials, as fundamental parameter for determining the mechanism of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and thus, making them able for achieving high efficiencies, with less production of hydrogen peroxide as collateral product. This revision suggests that it is possible to replace the conventional Pt catalysts by Pd-based materials, although several efforts must be made in order to improve their performance in DMFCs.
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Keywords:
palladium catalysts; direct methanol fuel cells; methanol oxidation; oxygen reduction; non-Pt content
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MDPI and ACS Style
Calderón Gómez, J.C.; Moliner, R.; Lázaro, M.J. Palladium-Based Catalysts as Electrodes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: A Last Ten Years Review. Catalysts 2016, 6, 130. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal6090130
AMA Style
Calderón Gómez JC, Moliner R, Lázaro MJ. Palladium-Based Catalysts as Electrodes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: A Last Ten Years Review. Catalysts. 2016; 6(9):130. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal6090130
Chicago/Turabian StyleCalderón Gómez, Juan C., Rafael Moliner, and Maria J. Lázaro. 2016. "Palladium-Based Catalysts as Electrodes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: A Last Ten Years Review" Catalysts 6, no. 9: 130. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal6090130
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