Resection of Low-Grade Gliomas in the Face Area of the Primary Motor Cortex and Neurological Outcome
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Surgical Procedure and Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring
2.3. Postoperative Outcome and Clinical Evaluation
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Population
3.2. Intraoperative Findings
3.3. Clinical Findings
3.3.1. Facial Paresis
3.3.2. Aphasia
3.3.3. Dysarthria
3.3.4. Dysphagia
4. Discussion
4.1. Why Do All Patients Recover from Facial Palsy?
4.2. Bilateral Innervation Versus Plasticity
4.2.1. Bilateral Innervation
4.2.2. Imbalance in Inhibition and Excitation
4.2.3. Plasticity
4.2.4. Patient Age and the Likelihood of Recovery—Is There Any Connection?
4.3. The Role of Dominant Versus Non-Dominant Tumour Location
4.4. Limitations of the Study
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pre- and Postoperative Deficits | Tumor Volume | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient No. | Hemisphere/Dominance | Age (yrs.) | Lowest Motor Threshold (mA) | Facial Paresis | Aphasia | Dysarthria | Dysphagia | Preoperative (mL) | Postoperative (mL) |
1 | left (dominant) | 29 | 2.5 (awake) | no/yes | no/yes | no/no | no/no | 103.54 | 45.87 |
2 | right (non-dominant) | 40 | 1 | no/no | no/no | no/no | no/no | 7.29 | <1 |
3 | left (dominant) | 33 | 5 (awake: 3) | no/yes | no/yes | yes/yes | no/no | 28.23 | 9.53 |
4 | left (dominant) | 24 | 2 (awake: 2) | no/yes | no/yes | no/no | no/yes | 37.78 | 1.52 |
5 | right (non-dominant) | 22 | 1 | no/no | no/no | no/no | no/no | 17.27 | <1 |
6 | right (non-dominant) | 34 | 5 | no/yes | no | no/no | no/no | 28.43 | 7.16 |
7 | left (dominant) | 63 | 15 | no/yes | yes/yes | no/no | no/no | 9.13 | 2.11 |
8 | right (non-dominant) | 48 | 4 | no/no | no/no | no/no | no/no | 1.14 | <1 |
9 | right (non-dominant) | 41 | 3 | no/yes | no/no | no/no | no/no | 2.25 | <1 |
10 | right (non-dominant) | 51 | 4 | no/no | no/no | no/no | no/no | 24.36 | 3.14 |
11 | right (non-dominant) | 19 | 3 | no/yes | no/no | no/no | no/no | 2.92 | <1 |
12 | left (dominant) | 53 | 5 | no/yes | no/yes | no/yes | no/no | 33.81 | 13.73 |
Facial Weakness Postoperative | Aphasia (Severe) Postoperative | Dysarthria Postoperative | Dysphagia Postoperative | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 Day | 1 Week | 3 Month | 1 Year | 1 Day | 1 Week | 3 Month | 1 Year | 1 Day | 1 Week | 3 Month | 1 Year | 1 Day | 1 Week | 3 Month | 1 Year | |
Dominance (tumor location) | ||||||||||||||||
Non-dominant (n = 7) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Dominant (n = 5) | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Histology | ||||||||||||||||
Astrocytoma WHO ° 2 (n = 6) | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Oligodendroglioma WHO ° 2 (n = 6) | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Age | ||||||||||||||||
<38 years (n = 6) | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
>38 years (n = 6) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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Lutz, K.; Häni, L.; Kissling, C.; Raabe, A.; Schucht, P.; Seidel, K. Resection of Low-Grade Gliomas in the Face Area of the Primary Motor Cortex and Neurological Outcome. Cancers 2023, 15, 781. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030781
Lutz K, Häni L, Kissling C, Raabe A, Schucht P, Seidel K. Resection of Low-Grade Gliomas in the Face Area of the Primary Motor Cortex and Neurological Outcome. Cancers. 2023; 15(3):781. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030781
Chicago/Turabian StyleLutz, Katharina, Levin Häni, Cédric Kissling, Andreas Raabe, Philippe Schucht, and Kathleen Seidel. 2023. "Resection of Low-Grade Gliomas in the Face Area of the Primary Motor Cortex and Neurological Outcome" Cancers 15, no. 3: 781. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030781