Key Determinants of Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions to Oncology Drugs
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Immune-Mediated Toxicity as a Cause of Death
3. Key Determinants of imADRs in ICI Treatment
3.1. Treatment-Related
3.1.1. Class of ICI Treatment
3.1.2. Combined Anti-Cancer Treatments
3.2. Tumor-Related
3.2.1. Tumor Histology
3.2.2. Tumor Burden
3.3. Patient-Related
3.3.1. Demographics
3.3.2. Physiological Parameters and Lifestyle
3.3.3. Genetic Predisposition
3.3.4. Blood Characteristics
3.3.5. Gastrointestinal Characteristics
3.3.6. Other Diseases and Medications
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Key Determinants | Clinical Incident | |
---|---|---|
Treatment | Antibody target for ICI | imADR risk: anti-CTLA-4 > anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 Risks of hypophysitis [8], renal imADR [9,10] and hypothyroidism [11]: higher in anti-PD-L1 |
Combined anti-cancer treatments | Higher imADR incident in combining ipilimumab and nivolumab [12], preceding immunotherapy [13], radiotherapy [11] and chemotherapy [14] | |
Tumor | Histology | Anti-PD-1 treatment causes dermatological symptoms in melanoma but pneumonitis in NSCLC [11] Anti-PD-1 induce earlier onset of lung diseases in lung cancer [15] |
Burden | Higher tumor load and metastatic sites associated with severe side effects of anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1 [16,17] | |
Patient | Demographics | ICI-related pneumonitis: younger > older [18] Arthritis after PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition: older > younger [19] Risk of ipilimumab-mediated toxicity: female > male [20] |
Physiological Parameter and Lifestyle | Pembrolizumab: obesity > healthy [21] Lung disease in lung cancer: ≥50 pack-year elevated the incidence [22] | |
Genetic predisposition | Pruritus and colitis: higher risk in certain HLA genotype [23] SNP variants increase risk of ICI-related toxicity [24] | |
Blood and gastrointestinal | Higher lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet, ratio immune cells associate with ICI-related toxicity [25] Ipilimumab-related colitis: higher risk with higher Firmicutes [26] | |
Other diseases and medications | Higher risks associated with previous lung disease [27], cardiovascular conditions [28] or autoimmune history [25] |
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Zhou, Y.; Ding, S. Key Determinants of Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions to Oncology Drugs. Cancers 2023, 15, 5622. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235622
Zhou Y, Ding S. Key Determinants of Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions to Oncology Drugs. Cancers. 2023; 15(23):5622. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235622
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Yihan, and Shan Ding. 2023. "Key Determinants of Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions to Oncology Drugs" Cancers 15, no. 23: 5622. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235622