Geriatric Oncology as an Unmet Workforce Training Need in the United Kingdom—A Narrative Review by the British Oncology Network for Undergraduate Societies (BONUS) and the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) UK Country Group
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. The Ageing Population and Cancer
2. Geriatric Oncology on the Global Agenda
3. Geriatric Oncology in the United Kingdom
3.1. The National Agenda
3.2. Medical, Charity, and Research Organisations
3.3. Geriatric Oncology in the UK: Current Practice
3.4. Geriatric Oncology in the UK: Medical and Surgical Training
3.5. Undergraduate and Postgraduate Experiences and Perspectives
3.6. Current UK Initiatives
4. Geriatric Oncology: Learning from International Success
4.1. The Gap in Geriatric Oncology Services and Training Worldwide
4.2. Examples of Best Practice—Development of a Curriculum and Training Programmes
5. Recommendations
6. Conclusions and Future Directions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Curriculum | Level | Contents Related to Geriatric Oncology (Including Their Gaps) |
---|---|---|
Undergraduate | ||
Outcomes for Graduates [49] | Undergraduate (Medical School) | Learning objectives for cancer medicine are listed, but not in conjunction with the learning objectives for medicine of older adults. No reference is made to the field of geriatric oncology or older adults with cancer. |
Postgraduate—foundation | ||
Foundation Programme Curriculum [33] | Foundation Training (F1, F2) | All foundation doctors must be familiar with the principles of dealing with frail elderly patients. No reference is made to oncology. |
Postgraduate—core training | ||
JRCPTB Curriculum for Internal Medicine Stage 1 Training [34] | Internal Medical Training (IMT1-3) | Mandatory training in geriatric medicine is required. Cancer is not listed as a condition or an issue under the geriatrics section. |
JRCPTB Curriculum for General Internal Medicine Training (Internal Medicine Stage 2) [35] | Combined Specialty Training (ST3+) | |
The Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme for Core Surgical Training [36] Neurosurgery (run-through training) [37] Cardiothoracic surgery (run-through training) [38] The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Core Curriculum (run-through training) [39] | Core Surgical Training (CT1–2) | General principles of cancer care and management related to specific surgical discipline (i.e., colorectal, urological) with multidisciplinary team discussions including oncology. No specific mention of geriatrics. |
Postgraduate—higher specialty training | ||
JRCPTB Geriatric Medicine Higher Training Curriculum [40] | Specialty Training (ST3+) | Liaison with oncology is encouraged, but mandatory education or exposure to patients with cancer is not essential. |
JRCPTB Medical Oncology Higher Training Curriculum [32] | References are made to the increased risk of cancer and the impact of comorbidities and social complexities in older adults. Specific educational needs related to geriatric oncology are not addressed. | |
RCR Clinical Oncology Specialty Training Curriculum [41] | ||
JRCPTB Haematology Higher Training Curriculum [42] | ||
The Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme for General Surgery [43] Urology [44] ENT [45] Orthopaedics [46] Plastics [47] Oral and Maxillofacial [48] | Higher Surgical Training (ST3+) | Understanding of the basic principles of surgical oncology including prevention, risk factors, management (both surgical and non-surgical), and ways of evaluating cancer treatments for a range of cancers seen by the specialist surgeon. No specific mention of geriatrics in any curriculum. |
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Khoury, E.G.; Nuamek, T.; Heritage, S.; Fulton-Ward, T.; Kucharczak, J.; Ng, C.; Kalsi, T.; Gomes, F.; Lind, M.J.; Battisti, N.M.L.; et al. Geriatric Oncology as an Unmet Workforce Training Need in the United Kingdom—A Narrative Review by the British Oncology Network for Undergraduate Societies (BONUS) and the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) UK Country Group. Cancers 2023, 15, 4782. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15194782
Khoury EG, Nuamek T, Heritage S, Fulton-Ward T, Kucharczak J, Ng C, Kalsi T, Gomes F, Lind MJ, Battisti NML, et al. Geriatric Oncology as an Unmet Workforce Training Need in the United Kingdom—A Narrative Review by the British Oncology Network for Undergraduate Societies (BONUS) and the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) UK Country Group. Cancers. 2023; 15(19):4782. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15194782
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhoury, Emma G., Thitikorn Nuamek, Sophie Heritage, Taylor Fulton-Ward, Joanna Kucharczak, Cassandra Ng, Tania Kalsi, Fabio Gomes, Michael J. Lind, Nicolò M. L. Battisti, and et al. 2023. "Geriatric Oncology as an Unmet Workforce Training Need in the United Kingdom—A Narrative Review by the British Oncology Network for Undergraduate Societies (BONUS) and the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) UK Country Group" Cancers 15, no. 19: 4782. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15194782