A Systematic Review of Population-Based Studies of Chronic Bowel Symptoms in Cancer Survivors following Pelvic Radiotherapy
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Information Sources and Search Strategy
2.2. Screening
2.3. Eligibility Criteria
2.4. Exclusion Criteria
2.5. Data Extraction and Quality Appraisal
2.6. Data Synthesis
3. Results
3.1. Search Results and Characteristics of Eligible Papers
3.2. Quality Appraisal
3.3. Symptom Prevalence Cross-Sectionally and over Time
3.4. Comparisons with Non-Irradiated Populations
3.5. Survivor Characteristics
3.6. Comparison of Radiotherapy Treatments
3.7. Findings by Symptom
3.7.1. Bowel Function
3.7.2. Bowel Problems Prevalence
3.7.3. Urgency
3.7.4. Bleeding (Anal or Rectal Bleeding or Blood in Stools)
3.7.5. Incontinence (Fecal Leakage or Unintended Emptying of Bowels)
3.7.6. Diarrhea
3.7.7. Abdominal Pain/Painful Bowel Movements
3.7.8. Painful Hemorrhoids
3.7.9. Rectal Wetness
3.7.10. Constipation
3.7.11. Mucous
3.7.12. Frequency
3.7.13. Gas
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bowel Outcome | Author (Year of Publication) | Outcome Measurement Tool | Indicator | Cancer Site and Study Design | Prevalence (%) at Time Point Post-Treatment/Diagnosis (Years) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | |||||
Bowel symptoms | Baloch (2021) [15] | Study-specific | 1 or more bowel syndromes | GC a | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||
Bandarage (2016) [17] | EPIC c-26 | Big bother | PL d | - | - | 4 | 5.1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Gavin (2015) [27] | EORTC e QLQ f-30 and PR g25 | Bowel problems | PC h | - | - | - | 22 i 7.3 k | ||||||||
Hamilton (2001) [28] | Study-specific | Moderate/big bother | PL | 6.7 | 13.5 | 9.7 | 8.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
Hoffman (2017) [30] | UCLA l PCI m and EPIC-26 | Moderate/big bother | PC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 15.6 | |
Hoffman (2020) [31] | EPIC-26 | Moderate/big bother | PL | 2 | 4 | 7 | - | 4 | - | 4 | - | - | - | - | |
Johnson (2004) [33] | UCLA PCI and EPIC-26 | Bowel movement Problem moderate/big | PL | 7.1 | 15.7 | 10 | 8.6 | - | - | - | 6.5 | - | - | - | |
Kyrdalen (2012) [34] | EPIC-50 | Intestinal irritative symptoms | PC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||
nPotosky (2000) [49] | Study-specific | Urgency, frequency, or pain, moderate/big | PL | - | - | - | 8.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
nPotosky (2004) [50] | Study-specific | Urgency, frequency, or pain, moderate/big | PL | - | - | - | - | - | - | 28.5 | - | - | - | ||
Pryor (2021) [51] | EPIC-26 | Moderate/big bother | PC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Resnick (2013) [52] | Study-specific | Urgency, frequency, or pain, moderate/big | PL | - | - | - | 7.9 | - | - | 5.8 | - | - | - | ||
Schwartz (2002) [53] | Study-specific | Positive bother | PL | 0.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||
Smith (2009) [54] | UCLA PCI | Bowel problems | PL | 10.6 916 | - | - | - | 14.5 12.5 p | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Urgency | Downing (2019) [22] | EPIC-26 | Moderate/big problem | PC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Dunberger (2009) [25] | Study-specific | Urgency at least 1 × per week in past 6 months | GC | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||
Fossa (2022) [26] | EPIC-26 | Moderate/big problem | PC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Hamilton (2001) [28] | Study-specific | Urgent bowel movement everyday/almost every day | PL | 2.2 | 7.9 | 4.8 | 3.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Hoffman (2020) [31] | EPIC-26 | Urgency bother | PL | 2 | 4 | 7 | - | 7 | - | 8 | - | - | - | ||
Resnick (2013) [52] | Study-specific | Bowel urgency | PL | - | - | - | 34 | - | - | 31.3 | - | - | 35.8 | ||
Bleeding | Dunberger (2009) [25] | Study-specific | Anal leakage of blood while awake Rectal bleeding | GC | - | - | - | - | 7 q 17 q | - | |||||
Fossa (2022) [26] | EPIC-26 | Moderate/big problem | PC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Hoffman (2020) [31] | EPIC-26 | Bloody stools | PL | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 2 | - | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
Potosky (2004) [50] | Study-specific | Bleeding with bowel movements | PL | - | - | - | - | - | - | 13 | - | - | - | ||
Diarrhoea | Bergmark (2002) [18] | Study-specific | Loose stools distress much/moderate | GC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
nPotosky (2000) [49] | Study-specific | Every day/some days | PL | - | - | - | 37.2 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
nPotosky (2004) [50] | Study-specific | Every day/some days | PL | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.3 | - | - | |||
Schwartz (2002) [53] | Study-specific | Loose stools | PL | 6.2 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||
Van de Poll-Franse (2012) [58] | EORTC QLQ-EN25 plusQLQ-30 | Quite a bit/very much | GC | - | - | - | - | - | 16 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Incontinence | Dunberger (2010) [24] | Study-specific | Empty all stools into clothing | GC | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||
Kyrdalen (2012) [34] | EPIC-50 | Faecal leakage | PC | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||
Schwartz (2002) [53] | Study-specific | Faecal leakage more than a few drops | PL | 1.5 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||
Abdominal pain | Bergmark (2002) [18] | Study-specific | Abdominal pain distress, much/moderate | GC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Fossa (2022) [26] | EPIC-26 | Moderate/big problem | PC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Hamilton (2001) [28] | Study-specific | Pain with bowel movement, Every day/some days | PL | 12 | 25.6 | 13.6 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
Painful haemorrhoids | Hamilton (2001) [28] | Study-specific | Every day/some days | PL | 9.9 | 15.1 | 11.3 | 17.4 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Rectal wetness | Hamilton (2001) [28] | Study-specific | Every day/some days | PL | 12.4 | 26.4 | 22.3 | 19.6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Constipation | Bergmark (2002) [18] | Study-specific | Constipation distress much/moderate | GC | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Mucous | Steineck (2017) [55] | Study-specific | Excessive mucous syndrome | GC | - | - | - | ||||||||
Frequency | Hamilton (2001) [28] | Study-specific | >3 movements per day | PL | 26.9 | 45.6 | 36.2 | 33.8 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Gas | Steineck (2017) [55] | Study-specific | Excessive gas syndrome | GC | - | - | - |
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Biran, A.; Bolnykh, I.; Rimmer, B.; Cunliffe, A.; Durrant, L.; Hancock, J.; Ludlow, H.; Pedley, I.; Rees, C.; Sharp, L. A Systematic Review of Population-Based Studies of Chronic Bowel Symptoms in Cancer Survivors following Pelvic Radiotherapy. Cancers 2023, 15, 4037. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15164037
Biran A, Bolnykh I, Rimmer B, Cunliffe A, Durrant L, Hancock J, Ludlow H, Pedley I, Rees C, Sharp L. A Systematic Review of Population-Based Studies of Chronic Bowel Symptoms in Cancer Survivors following Pelvic Radiotherapy. Cancers. 2023; 15(16):4037. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15164037
Chicago/Turabian StyleBiran, Adam, Iakov Bolnykh, Ben Rimmer, Anthony Cunliffe, Lisa Durrant, John Hancock, Helen Ludlow, Ian Pedley, Colin Rees, and Linda Sharp. 2023. "A Systematic Review of Population-Based Studies of Chronic Bowel Symptoms in Cancer Survivors following Pelvic Radiotherapy" Cancers 15, no. 16: 4037. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15164037