Pro-Gastrin-Releasing Peptide as a Biomarker in Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasm
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Strategy
2.2. Cohorts
2.3. Blood for ProGRP and CgA Measurement
2.4. Histological Diagnosis
2.5. Biomarker Measurement
2.5.1. ProGRP Measurement
2.5.2. CgA Measurement
2.6. Radiological Evaluation of LNEN Disease
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Comparisons between ProGRP and CgA as a Diagnostic Test
3.2. Relationship to LNEN Detection
CgA and ProGRP for Disease Detection
3.3. Diagnostic Accuracy of the ProGRP vs. CgA Assays
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions and Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Category | LNEN Patients (n = 290) | Controls (n = 54) |
---|---|---|---|
ProGRP [N: 46 pg/mL] | Mean:Median | 171.78:136.40 | 8.30:6.50 |
CgA [N: <100 ug/L] | Mean:Median | 156.97:43.43 | 70.34:67.50 |
Age (years) | Mean:Median | 58.74:62.36 | 39.84:38.00 |
Gender | Male:Female | 80:210 | 18:36 |
Functional status | NF | 270 (93.1%) | N/A |
F (CS) | 19 (6.6%) | ||
F (CD) | 1 (0.3%) | ||
Disease status | SD | 201 (69.3%) | N/A |
PD | 89 (30.7%) | ||
TNM stage | Localized | 201 (69.3%) | N/A |
Regional metastatic | 28 (9.7%) | ||
Distant metastatic | 61 (21.0%) | ||
Histology | TC | 192 (66.2%) | N/A |
AC | 74 (25.5%) | ||
LCNEC | 22 (7.6%) | ||
DIPNECH | 2 (0.7%) |
Variable | Groups | Median | IR | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
CgA [N: <100 µg/L] | Controls | 67.50 | 40.00–98.00 | <0.001 |
LNEN | 43.43 | 27.03–81.87 | ||
ProGRP [N: <46 pg/mL] | Controls | 6.50 | 5.50–8.00 | <0.0001 |
LNEN | 136.40 | 93.90–204.50 |
Essay | Histological LNEN Confirmation (n = 290) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | True Positive | False Negative | Accuracy | |
ProGRP | 290 | 275 | 15 | 95% (275/290) |
CgA | 290 | 46 | 242 | 29% (46/290) |
Variable | AUC (95% CI) | SE | Z Score | p | Youden J Index (%) | Cut-Off Value | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Accuracy (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ProGRP | 0.995 (0.99–1.00) | 0.003 | 177.30 | <0.001 | 94.80 | 32.30 pg/mL | 95 | 100 | 95 |
CgA | 0.375 (0.31–0.44) | 0.035 | −3.61 | <0.001 | 15.97 | 128.25 ug/L | 16 | 100 | 29 |
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Rosiek, V.; Kogut, A.; Kos-Kudła, B. Pro-Gastrin-Releasing Peptide as a Biomarker in Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasm. Cancers 2023, 15, 3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133282
Rosiek V, Kogut A, Kos-Kudła B. Pro-Gastrin-Releasing Peptide as a Biomarker in Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasm. Cancers. 2023; 15(13):3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133282
Chicago/Turabian StyleRosiek, Violetta, Angelika Kogut, and Beata Kos-Kudła. 2023. "Pro-Gastrin-Releasing Peptide as a Biomarker in Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasm" Cancers 15, no. 13: 3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133282