High Metabolic Dependence on Oxidative Phosphorylation Drives Sensitivity to Metformin Treatment in MLL/AF9 Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cell Culture
2.2. Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analysis
2.3. Retrovirus Production and Transduction
2.4. MLL/AF9 Leukemia Mouse Models
2.5. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP), Mitochondrial Number Detection, and Cells Sorting
2.6. Metformin Treatment
2.7. Immunoblot Analysis
2.8. Mitochondrial DNA Quantification
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Metabolic Pathway Dependence Analysis Shows Upregulated OXPHOS in MLL/AF9 AML Cells
3.2. MLL/AF9 Gene Expression Is Associated with Increased Mitochondrial Respiration
3.3. MLL/AF9 AML Cells Are More Sensitive to Metformin Treatment
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Liu, L.; Patnana, P.K.; Xie, X.; Frank, D.; Nimmagadda, S.C.; Rosemann, A.; Liebmann, M.; Klotz, L.; Opalka, B.; Khandanpour, C. High Metabolic Dependence on Oxidative Phosphorylation Drives Sensitivity to Metformin Treatment in MLL/AF9 Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers 2022, 14, 486. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030486
Liu L, Patnana PK, Xie X, Frank D, Nimmagadda SC, Rosemann A, Liebmann M, Klotz L, Opalka B, Khandanpour C. High Metabolic Dependence on Oxidative Phosphorylation Drives Sensitivity to Metformin Treatment in MLL/AF9 Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers. 2022; 14(3):486. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030486
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Longlong, Pradeep Kumar Patnana, Xiaoqing Xie, Daria Frank, Subbaiah Chary Nimmagadda, Annegret Rosemann, Marie Liebmann, Luisa Klotz, Bertram Opalka, and Cyrus Khandanpour. 2022. "High Metabolic Dependence on Oxidative Phosphorylation Drives Sensitivity to Metformin Treatment in MLL/AF9 Acute Myeloid Leukemia" Cancers 14, no. 3: 486. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030486