Metformin Treatment Induces Different Response in Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Tumour Cells and in Primary Fibroblasts
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods and Materials
2.1. Cell Cultures
2.2. Spheroids Induction and Growth
2.3. Conditioned Medium
2.4. Proliferation Assay
2.5. Western Blot
2.6. pH Measurement
2.7. Intracellular Lactate and Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Concentration Measurement
2.8. 3D Migration Assays
2.9. Immunofluorescent Spheroids Staining
2.10. Transwell Migration Assay
2.11. Wound-Healing Migration Assay
2.12. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effects of Metformin on MTT and Fibroblast Proliferation and Metabolism
3.2. Metformin Inhibits Fibroblast, but Not MTT Spheroid Migration
3.3. Metformin Has Different Outcomes on MTT and Fibroblast by Activating Different Pathways
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Martinelli, S.; Amore, F.; Mello, T.; Mannelli, M.; Maggi, M.; Rapizzi, E. Metformin Treatment Induces Different Response in Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Tumour Cells and in Primary Fibroblasts. Cancers 2022, 14, 3471. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143471
Martinelli S, Amore F, Mello T, Mannelli M, Maggi M, Rapizzi E. Metformin Treatment Induces Different Response in Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Tumour Cells and in Primary Fibroblasts. Cancers. 2022; 14(14):3471. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143471
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartinelli, Serena, Francesca Amore, Tommaso Mello, Massimo Mannelli, Mario Maggi, and Elena Rapizzi. 2022. "Metformin Treatment Induces Different Response in Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Tumour Cells and in Primary Fibroblasts" Cancers 14, no. 14: 3471. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143471