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Cancers
Volume 12
Issue 4
10.3390/cancers12040896
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Article

Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Diagnostic Leukapheresis Product of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Comparing CellSearch® and ISET

by
Menno Tamminga
1,
Kiki C. Andree
2,
T. Jeroen N. Hiltermann
1,
Maximilien Jayat
3,
Ed Schuuring
4,
Hilda van den Bos
5,
Diana C. J. Spierings
5,
Peter M. Lansdorp
5,6,7,
Wim Timens
4,
Leon W. M. M. Terstappen
2 and
Harry J. M. Groen
1,*
1
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
2
Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
3
Rarecells Diagnostics, 75 280 Paris CEDEX, France
4
Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
5
European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
6
Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
7
Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2020, 12(4), 896; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12040896
Submission received: 4 March 2020 / Revised: 25 March 2020 / Accepted: 3 April 2020 / Published: 7 April 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liquid Biopsy: Latest Advances and Future Challenges)
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Abstract

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detected by CellSearch are prognostic in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but rarely found. CTCs can be extracted from the blood together with mononuclear cell populations by diagnostic leukapheresis (DLA), therefore concentrating them. However, CellSearch can only process limited DLA volumes (≈2 mL). Therefore, we established a protocol to enumerate CTCs in DLA products with Isolation by SizE of Tumor cells (ISET), and compared CTC counts between CellSearch® and ISET. DLA was performed in NSCLC patients who started a new therapy. With an adapted protocol, ISET could process 10 mL of DLA. CellSearch detected CTCs in a volume equaling 2 × 108 leukocytes (mean 2 mL). CTC counts per mL were compared. Furthermore, the live cell protocol of ISET was tested in eight patients. ISET successfully processed all DLA products—16 with the fixed cell protocol and 8 with the live cell protocol. In total, 10–20 mL of DLA was processed. ISET detected CTCs in 88% (14/16), compared to 69% (11/16, p < 0.05) with CellSearch. ISET also detected higher number of CTCs (ISET median CTC/mL = 4, interquartile range [IQR] = 2–6, CellSearch median CTC/mL = 0.9, IQR = 0–1.8, p < 0.01). Cells positive for the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM+) per mL were detected in similar counts by both methods. Eight patients were processed with the live cell protocol. All had EpCAM+, CD45−, CD235- cells isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Overall, ISET processed larger volumes and detected higher CTC counts compared to CellSearch. EpCAM+ CTCs were detected in comparable rates.
Keywords: DLA; CTC; NSCLC; liquid biopsy; biomarker; ISET; CellSearch DLA; CTC; NSCLC; liquid biopsy; biomarker; ISET; CellSearch

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tamminga, M.; Andree, K.C.; Hiltermann, T.J.N.; Jayat, M.; Schuuring, E.; van den Bos, H.; Spierings, D.C.J.; Lansdorp, P.M.; Timens, W.; Terstappen, L.W.M.M.; et al. Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Diagnostic Leukapheresis Product of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Comparing CellSearch® and ISET. Cancers 2020, 12, 896. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12040896

AMA Style

Tamminga M, Andree KC, Hiltermann TJN, Jayat M, Schuuring E, van den Bos H, Spierings DCJ, Lansdorp PM, Timens W, Terstappen LWMM, et al. Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Diagnostic Leukapheresis Product of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Comparing CellSearch® and ISET. Cancers. 2020; 12(4):896. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12040896

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tamminga, Menno, Kiki C. Andree, T. Jeroen N. Hiltermann, Maximilien Jayat, Ed Schuuring, Hilda van den Bos, Diana C. J. Spierings, Peter M. Lansdorp, Wim Timens, Leon W. M. M. Terstappen, and et al. 2020. "Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Diagnostic Leukapheresis Product of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Comparing CellSearch® and ISET" Cancers 12, no. 4: 896. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12040896

APA Style

Tamminga, M., Andree, K. C., Hiltermann, T. J. N., Jayat, M., Schuuring, E., van den Bos, H., Spierings, D. C. J., Lansdorp, P. M., Timens, W., Terstappen, L. W. M. M., & Groen, H. J. M. (2020). Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Diagnostic Leukapheresis Product of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Comparing CellSearch® and ISET. Cancers, 12(4), 896. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12040896

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