Potential Roles of Tumor Cell- and Stroma Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Promoting a Pro-Angiogenic Tumor Microenvironment
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Biogenesis of sEVs
3. Proteomic Cargo of TEX
4. Interactions of TEX with Recipient Cells
5. Effects of TEX on Endothelial Cells
6. Effects of TEX on Macrophages
7. Effects of TEX on Neutrophils
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Reference | Cancer Type/Source of sEVs | TEX Cargo | Tumor-Promoting Biological Effects |
---|---|---|---|
Skog et al. [27] | Glioblastoma | Angiogenin, IL-6, IL-8 | Angiogenesis |
Sharma et al. [7] | Melanoma | FasL, TRAIL, PD-L1 | Immunosuppression |
Ludwig et al. [25] | Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma cell line UMSCC47 | CD39/CD73, adenosine | M2 macrophage Polarization and enhanced secretion of angiogenic factors |
Umezu et al. [26] | Leukemia cells (K562) | miR-92a | Enhanced endothelial cell migration and tube formation |
Kucharzewska et al. [30] | Glioma cells | Matrix metalloproteinases, IL-8, PDGFs, caveolin 1, and lysyl oxidase | Activation of vascular cells |
Ko et al. [33] | ES2, HCT116, and 786-0 cell lines | Heparin-bound VEGF on the surface of sEVs | Endothelial cells migration and tube formation |
Xue et al. [34] | adipose Mesenchymal stem cells | Vash1, Angpt1 and Flk1 | enhancement of Angiogenesis through the PKA-signaling pathway |
Ludwig et al. [35] | Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma cell lines (PCI-13, UMSCC47) | uPA, MMP-9, coagulation factor III, thrombospondin-1, uPA, IGFBP-3, endostatin | Reprogramming of HUVECs |
Thompson et al. [36] | Bacterial heparinase-III-treated CAG, ARH-77, MDA-MB-231 | Syndecan-1, VEGF, and HGF | Enhanced endothelial cell invasion |
Zeng et al. [37] | Hepatocellular carcinoma | VEGF | Tumor vasculogenesis despite anti-angiogenic therapy |
Sato et al. [38] | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma | EPHB2 | Promotion of angiogenesis |
Carrasco-Ramirez et al. [39] | Melanoma | Podoplanin | Modulation of lymphatic vessel formation |
Hong et al. [40] | Colorectal cancer | Cell-cycle--related mRNAs | Proliferation of endothelial cells |
Lang et al. [41] | Glioma cells | Long non-coding RNA CCAT2 | Promotion of angiogenesis and inhibition of endothelial cell apoptosis |
Van Balkom et al. [42] | Human microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC-1) | miR-214 | Prevention from cell cycle arrest and, thus, stimulation of blood vessel formation |
Azambuja et al. [43] | Reprogrammed macrophages | Arginase-1 | Glioblastoma progression |
Webber et al. [44] | Prostate, bladder, colorectal and breast cancer cell lines | TGF-β | Differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts |
Hong et al. [45] | Acute myeloid leukemia | TGF-β | Immunosuppression |
Zheng et al. [46] | Tumor-associated macrophages | Apolipoprotein-E | Migration of gastric cancer cells |
Shi et al. [47] | Gastric cancer cells | STAT3 | PD-L1 expression on neutrophils to suppress T-cell-mediated immunity |
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Ludwig, N.; Rubenich, D.S.; Zaręba, Ł.; Siewiera, J.; Pieper, J.; Braganhol, E.; Reichert, T.E.; Szczepański, M.J. Potential Roles of Tumor Cell- and Stroma Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Promoting a Pro-Angiogenic Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers 2020, 12, 3599. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123599
Ludwig N, Rubenich DS, Zaręba Ł, Siewiera J, Pieper J, Braganhol E, Reichert TE, Szczepański MJ. Potential Roles of Tumor Cell- and Stroma Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Promoting a Pro-Angiogenic Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers. 2020; 12(12):3599. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123599
Chicago/Turabian StyleLudwig, Nils, Dominique S. Rubenich, Łukasz Zaręba, Jacek Siewiera, Josquin Pieper, Elizandra Braganhol, Torsten E. Reichert, and Mirosław J. Szczepański. 2020. "Potential Roles of Tumor Cell- and Stroma Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Promoting a Pro-Angiogenic Tumor Microenvironment" Cancers 12, no. 12: 3599. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123599