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Cancers
Volume 11
Issue 1
10.3390/cancers11010058
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Article

Constitutive BRCA1 Promoter Hypermethylation Can Be a Predisposing Event in Isolated Early-Onset Breast Cancer

by
Jacopo Azzollini
1,†,
Chiara Pesenti
2,†,
Sara Pizzamiglio
3,
Laura Fontana
2,
Carmela Guarino
4,
Bernard Peissel
1,
Maddalena Plebani
3,
Silvia Tabano
2,
Silvia Maria Sirchia
5,
Patrizia Colapietro
2,
Roberta Villa
1,
Biagio Paolini
6,
Paolo Verderio
3,
Monica Miozzo
2,† and
Siranoush Manoukian
1,*,†
1
Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
2
Department of Pathophysiology & Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano; Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
3
Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
4
Immunohematology & Transfusion Medicine Service, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
5
Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
6
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors equally contributed to the study.
Cancers 2019, 11(1), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11010058
Received: 14 December 2018 / Accepted: 3 January 2019 / Published: 9 January 2019
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Abstract

Early age at onset of breast cancer (eoBC) is suggestive of an increased genetic risk. Although genetic testing is offered to all eoBC-affected women, in isolated cases the detection rate of pathogenic variants is <10%. This study aimed at assessing the role of constitutive promoter methylation at BC-associated loci as an underlying predisposing event in women with eoBC and negative family history. Promoter methylation at 12 loci was assessed by the MassARRAY technology in blood from 154 BRCA1/2 negative patients with eoBC and negative family history, and 60 healthy controls. Hypermethylation was determined, within each promoter, by comparing the patient’s mean methylation value with thresholds based on one-sided 95% bootstrap confidence interval of the controls’ mean. Three patients had hypermethylated results, two at BRCA1 and one at RAD51C. Analyses on tumor tissue from the patient exceeding the highest threshold at BRCA1 revealed a mean methylation >60% and loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 17q. The patient hypermethylated at RAD51C showed low methylation in the tumor sample, ruling out a role for methylation-induced silencing in tumor development. In isolated eoBC patients, BRCA1 constitutive promoter methylation may be a predisposing event. Further studies are required to define the impact of methylation changes occurring at BC-predisposing genes and their role in tumorigenesis. View Full-Text
Keywords: breast cancer; epigenetics; BRCA1; promoter methylation breast cancer; epigenetics; BRCA1; promoter methylation
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MDPI and ACS Style

Azzollini, J.; Pesenti, C.; Pizzamiglio, S.; Fontana, L.; Guarino, C.; Peissel, B.; Plebani, M.; Tabano, S.; Sirchia, S.M.; Colapietro, P.; Villa, R.; Paolini, B.; Verderio, P.; Miozzo, M.; Manoukian, S. Constitutive BRCA1 Promoter Hypermethylation Can Be a Predisposing Event in Isolated Early-Onset Breast Cancer. Cancers 2019, 11, 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11010058

AMA Style

Azzollini J, Pesenti C, Pizzamiglio S, Fontana L, Guarino C, Peissel B, Plebani M, Tabano S, Sirchia SM, Colapietro P, Villa R, Paolini B, Verderio P, Miozzo M, Manoukian S. Constitutive BRCA1 Promoter Hypermethylation Can Be a Predisposing Event in Isolated Early-Onset Breast Cancer. Cancers. 2019; 11(1):58. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11010058

Chicago/Turabian Style

Azzollini, Jacopo, Chiara Pesenti, Sara Pizzamiglio, Laura Fontana, Carmela Guarino, Bernard Peissel, Maddalena Plebani, Silvia Tabano, Silvia M. Sirchia, Patrizia Colapietro, Roberta Villa, Biagio Paolini, Paolo Verderio, Monica Miozzo, and Siranoush Manoukian. 2019. "Constitutive BRCA1 Promoter Hypermethylation Can Be a Predisposing Event in Isolated Early-Onset Breast Cancer" Cancers 11, no. 1: 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11010058

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