High Spectrum Efficiency and High Security Radio-Over-Fiber Systems with Compressive-Sensing-Based Chaotic Encryption

Wang, Zhanhong; Zhang, Lu; Zhang, Jiahao; Ozolins, Oskars; Pang, Xiaodan; Yu, Xianbin

doi:10.3390/mi17010080

Open AccessArticle

High Spectrum Efficiency and High Security Radio-Over-Fiber Systems with Compressive-Sensing-Based Chaotic Encryption

by

Zhanhong Wang

¹,

Lu Zhang

^1,*,

Jiahao Zhang

¹,

Oskars Ozolins

²,

Xiaodan Pang

¹

and

Xianbin Yu

^1,*

¹

College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

²

Institute of Photonics, Electronics and Telecommunications, Riga Technical University, 1048 Riga, Latvia

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Micromachines 2026, 17(1), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17010080

Submission received: 21 November 2025 / Revised: 6 January 2026 / Accepted: 6 January 2026 / Published: 7 January 2026

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Broadband Terahertz Devices and Communication Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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Abstract

With the increasing demand for high throughput and ultra-dense small cell deployment in the next-generation communication networks, spectrum resources are becoming increasingly strained. At the same time, the security risks posed by eavesdropping remain a significant concern, particularly due to the broadcast-access property of optical fronthaul networks. To address these challenges, we propose a high-security, high-spectrum efficiency radio-over-fiber (RoF) system in this paper, which leverages compressive sensing (CS)-based algorithms and chaotic encryption. An 8 Gbit/s RoF system is experimentally demonstrated, with 10 km optical fiber transmission and 20 GHz radio frequency (RF) transmission. In our experiment, spectrum efficiency is enhanced by compressing transmission data and reducing the quantization bit requirements, while security is maintained with minimal degradation in signal quality. The system could recover the signal correctly after dequantization with 6-bit fronthaul quantization, achieving a structural similarity index (SSIM) of 0.952 for the legitimate receiver (Bob) at a compression ratio of 0.75. In contrast, the SSIM for the unauthorized receiver (Eve) is only 0.073, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed security approach.

Keywords: compressive sensing; radio-over-fiber; chaotic encryption

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, Z.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, J.; Ozolins, O.; Pang, X.; Yu, X. High Spectrum Efficiency and High Security Radio-Over-Fiber Systems with Compressive-Sensing-Based Chaotic Encryption. Micromachines 2026, 17, 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17010080

AMA Style

Wang Z, Zhang L, Zhang J, Ozolins O, Pang X, Yu X. High Spectrum Efficiency and High Security Radio-Over-Fiber Systems with Compressive-Sensing-Based Chaotic Encryption. Micromachines. 2026; 17(1):80. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17010080

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Zhanhong, Lu Zhang, Jiahao Zhang, Oskars Ozolins, Xiaodan Pang, and Xianbin Yu. 2026. "High Spectrum Efficiency and High Security Radio-Over-Fiber Systems with Compressive-Sensing-Based Chaotic Encryption" Micromachines 17, no. 1: 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17010080

APA Style

Wang, Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, J., Ozolins, O., Pang, X., & Yu, X. (2026). High Spectrum Efficiency and High Security Radio-Over-Fiber Systems with Compressive-Sensing-Based Chaotic Encryption. Micromachines, 17(1), 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17010080

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High Spectrum Efficiency and High Security Radio-Over-Fiber Systems with Compressive-Sensing-Based Chaotic Encryption

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