3D-Printed Lab-on-a-Chip Diagnostic Systems-Developing a Safe-by-Design Manufacturing Approach
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Micromachines 2019, 10(12), 825; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10120825
Received: 31 October 2019 / Revised: 13 November 2019 / Accepted: 25 November 2019 / Published: 28 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Printed Microfluidic Devices and Its Applications)
The aim of this study is to provide a detailed strategy for Safe-by-Design (SbD) 3D-printed lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device manufacturing, using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology. First, the applicability of FFF in lab-on-a-chip device development is briefly discussed. Subsequently, a methodology to categorize, identify and implement SbD measures for FFF is suggested. Furthermore, the most crucial health risks involved in FFF processes are examined, placing the focus on the examination of ultrafine particle (UFP) and Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emission hazards. Thus, a SbD scheme for lab-on-a-chip manufacturing is provided, while also taking into account process optimization for obtaining satisfactory printed LOC quality. This work can serve as a guideline for the effective application of FFF technology for lab-on-a-chip manufacturing through the safest applicable way, towards a continuous effort to support sustainable development of lab-on-a-chip devices through cost-effective means.
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Keywords:
3D printing; lab-on-a-chip; Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF); safe-by-design; exposure assessment
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Karayannis, P.; Petrakli, F.; Gkika, A.; Koumoulos, E.P. 3D-Printed Lab-on-a-Chip Diagnostic Systems-Developing a Safe-by-Design Manufacturing Approach. Micromachines 2019, 10, 825. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10120825
AMA Style
Karayannis P, Petrakli F, Gkika A, Koumoulos EP. 3D-Printed Lab-on-a-Chip Diagnostic Systems-Developing a Safe-by-Design Manufacturing Approach. Micromachines. 2019; 10(12):825. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10120825
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarayannis, Panagiotis; Petrakli, Fotini; Gkika, Anastasia; Koumoulos, Elias P. 2019. "3D-Printed Lab-on-a-Chip Diagnostic Systems-Developing a Safe-by-Design Manufacturing Approach" Micromachines 10, no. 12: 825. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10120825
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