Dual Function of a Novel Bacterium, Slackia sp. D-G6: Detoxifying Deoxynivalenol and Producing the Natural Estrogen Analogue, Equol
by
Xiaojuan Gao 1,2,3,†, Peiqiang Mu 1,2,3,†, Xunhua Zhu 1,2,3, Xiaoxuan Chen 1,2,3, Shulin Tang 1,2,3, Yuting Wu 1,2,3, Xiang Miao 1,2,3, Xiaohan Wang 1,2,3, Jikai Wen 1,2,3 and Yiqun Deng 1,2,3,*
Xiaojuan Gao 1,2,3,†, Peiqiang Mu 1,2,3,†, Xunhua Zhu 1,2,3, Xiaoxuan Chen 1,2,3, Shulin Tang 1,2,3, Yuting Wu 1,2,3, Xiang Miao 1,2,3, Xiaohan Wang 1,2,3, Jikai Wen 1,2,3 and Yiqun Deng 1,2,3,*
1
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
3
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Toxins 2020, 12(2), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020085
Received: 20 December 2019 / Revised: 16 January 2020 / Accepted: 24 January 2020 / Published: 26 January 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Strategy to Prevent Post-Harvest Mycotoxin Contamination)
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a highly abundant mycotoxin that exerts many adverse effects on humans and animals. Much effort has been made to control DON in the past, and bio-transformation has emerged as the most promising method. However, useful and effective application of bacterial bio-transformation for the purpose of inhibiting DON remains urgently needed. The current study isolated a novel DON detoxifying bacterium, Slackia sp. D-G6 (D-G6), from chicken intestines. D-G6 is a Gram-positive, non-sporulating bacterium, which ranges in size from 0.2–0.4 μm × 0.6–1.0 μm. D-G6 de-epoxidizes DON into a non-toxic form called DOM-1. Optimum conditions required for degradation of DON are 37–47 °C and a pH of 6–10 in WCA medium containing 50% chicken intestinal extract. Besides DON detoxification, D-G6 also produces equol (EQL) from daidzein (DZN), which shows high estrogenic activity, and prevents estrogen-dependent and age-related diseases effectively. Furthermore, the genome of D-G6 was sequenced and characterized. Thirteen genes that show potential for DON de-epoxidation were identified via comparative genomics. In conclusion, a novel bacterium that exhibits the dual function of detoxifying DON and producing the beneficial natural estrogen analogue, EQL, was identified.
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Keywords:
Slackia sp. D-G6; DON; de-epoxidize; equol
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MDPI and ACS Style
Gao, X.; Mu, P.; Zhu, X.; Chen, X.; Tang, S.; Wu, Y.; Miao, X.; Wang, X.; Wen, J.; Deng, Y. Dual Function of a Novel Bacterium, Slackia sp. D-G6: Detoxifying Deoxynivalenol and Producing the Natural Estrogen Analogue, Equol. Toxins 2020, 12, 85.
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