Effect of Probiotics on Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Inclusion Criteria
2.2. Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Search Strategy
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Included Studies
3.2. Quality Assessment
3.3. Efficacy of Probiotics
3.4. Publication Bias
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study, Year, Country | Subjects, Total Number of Cases | Take Medications; Duration | Species, Dosage | Scale of Depression |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mohammadi, 2015, Iran | 20–60 years old healthy petrochemical workers, 45 (20/25) | 6 weeks | Actobacillus casei 3 × 103 CFU/g, L. acidophilus 3 × 107 CFU/g, L. rhamnosus 7 × 109 CFU/g, L. bulgaricus 5 × 108 CFU/g, Bifidobacterium breve 2 × 1010 CFU/g, B. longum 1 × 109 CFU/g, S. thermophilus 3 × 108 CFU/g. | Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) |
Akkasheh, 2015, Iran | 20–55 years old patients with MDD, 40 (20/20) | One capsule per day; 8 weeks | L. acidophilus 2 × 109 CFU/g, L. casei 2 × 109 CFU/g, Bifidobacterium bifidum 2 × 109 CFU/g. | Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) |
Steenbergen, 2015, The Netherlands | Around 20 years old; healthy young adults, 40 (20/20) | One sachet per day; 4 weeks | Bifidobacterium bifidum W23, Bifidobacterium lactis W52, L. acidophilus W37, L. brevis W63, L. casei W56, L. salivarius W24, Lactococcus lactis (W19 and W58), 2.5 × 109 CFU/g. | BDI |
Messaoudi, 2011, France | 30–60 years old healthy human volunteers, 55 (29/26) | 1.5 g/day; 30 days | Lactobacillus helveticus R0052, Bifidobacterium longum R0175, 3 × 109 CFU. | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) |
Shinkai, 2013, Japan | Adults aged 65 years or older, 278 (93/92/93) | One capsule per day, 20 weeks | Lactobacillus pentosus strain b240, Low-dose group 2 × 109 cells, High-dose group 2 × 1010 cells. | Profile of Mood States (POMS): Depression-dejection |
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Huang, R.; Wang, K.; Hu, J. Effect of Probiotics on Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2016, 8, 483. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8080483
Huang R, Wang K, Hu J. Effect of Probiotics on Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 2016; 8(8):483. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8080483
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Ruixue, Ke Wang, and Jianan Hu. 2016. "Effect of Probiotics on Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials" Nutrients 8, no. 8: 483. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8080483
APA StyleHuang, R., Wang, K., & Hu, J. (2016). Effect of Probiotics on Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients, 8(8), 483. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8080483