Evaluation of the Nutritional Education Program in Increasing Nutrition-Related Knowledge in a Group of Girls Aged 10–12 Years from Ballet School and Artistic Gymnastics Classes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. General Information
2.2. Study Participants
2.3. Evaluation of the Sources of Nutritional Knowledge
2.4. Assessment of Nutritional Knowledge in the Nutritional Education Program
2.4.1. Nutritional Education Program
Educational Materials (Brochure)
Group Education (Nutritional Workshops)
Individual Education (Individual Dietary Recommendations)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Sources of Nutritional Knowledge
4.2. Forms of Nutritional Education
4.3. Reference Materials and Important Topics of Nutritional Education in the Group of Ballet and Artistic Gymnastics Students
4.4. Results of Implementing Nutritional Programs
4.5. Strengths and Limitations of the Study
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Statements in Sections (S) | Correct Answer | Education | p (1) | OR (95% Cl) (2) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of Students with the Correct Answer (n = 60) | |||||
Before | After | ||||
Knowledge of the principles of the Pyramid of Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity for Children and Youth | |||||
S1: Cereal products (bread, pasta, rice, groats) should be the main sources of energy in each meal | Yes | 72 | 73 | 0.317 | 1.087 (0.484–2.444) |
S2: Fruit should be eaten every other day | No | 65 | 73 | 0.025 ** | 1.481 (0.673–3.257) |
S3: Milk and dairy products (yogurt, kefir, cheese) should be consumed several times a day | Yes | 52 | 58 | 0.046 ** | 1.309 (0.632–2.713) |
S4: Vegetable fats should be present in the diet in lower amounts than animal fats | No | 33 | 40 | 0.103 | 1.333 (0.628–2.830) |
Knowledge of the main sources of selected nutrients and their role in the human body | |||||
S5: Vegetables and fruits are the main sources of iron in the diet | No | 25 | 42 | 0.002 ** | 2.143 ** (0.976–4.703) |
S6: Nuts are a source of fats that are beneficial for health | Yes | 52 | 63 | 0.008 ** | 1.616 ** (0.773–3.377) |
S7: (Fatty) Fish is the main source of vitamin D in the diet | Yes | 48 | 60 | 0.008 ** | 1.603 (0.772–3.330) |
S8: 100 g of meat provides less protein than 100 g of potatoes | No | 63 | 67 | 0.158 | 1.158 (0.542–2.473) |
Knowledge of the principles of nutrition for students practicing sports/training | |||||
S9: The main meal (e.g., lunch) should be eaten just before exercise | No | 87 | 88 | 0.317 | 1.160 (0.389–3.483) |
S10: Fat-and-carbohydrate snacks (e.g., a chocolate bar) are good snacks during training (dance classes) | No | 73 | 77 | 0.157 | 1.195 (0.518–2.758) |
S11: After intensive training/exercise, first of all, water losses should be replaced | Yes | 90 | 95 | 0.083 * | 2.111 (0.496–8.993) |
S12: Playing sports (ballet) increases the need for nutrients | Yes | 87 | 90 | 0.157 | 1.385 (0.444–4.314) |
Nutrition-related knowledge (% of students) | |||||
lower (≤6 points) | 22 | 13 | 0.025 ** | ||
medium (7–9 points) | 67 | 60 | 0.285 | ||
higher (10–12 points) | 12 | 25 | 0.005 ** |
Assessment of Nutrition-Related Knowledge | Education Total Points (n = 60) | p (1) | |
---|---|---|---|
Before | After | ||
S: S1–S4 (max 4 points) | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 2.5 ± 1.0 | 0.005 * |
Wilcoxon effect size = 0.36 | |||
S: S5–S8 (max 4 points) | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 1.1 | <0.001 * |
Wilcoxon effect size = 0.50 | |||
S: S9–S12 (max 4 points) | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 0.027 * |
Wilcoxon effect size = 0.28 | |||
S: S1–S12 (max 12 points) | 7.5 ± 1.8 | 8.3 ± 1.8 | <0.0001 * |
Wilcoxon effect size = 0.61 |
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Leonkiewicz, M.; Wawrzyniak, A. Evaluation of the Nutritional Education Program in Increasing Nutrition-Related Knowledge in a Group of Girls Aged 10–12 Years from Ballet School and Artistic Gymnastics Classes. Nutrients 2025, 17, 1468. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091468
Leonkiewicz M, Wawrzyniak A. Evaluation of the Nutritional Education Program in Increasing Nutrition-Related Knowledge in a Group of Girls Aged 10–12 Years from Ballet School and Artistic Gymnastics Classes. Nutrients. 2025; 17(9):1468. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091468
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeonkiewicz, Magdalena, and Agata Wawrzyniak. 2025. "Evaluation of the Nutritional Education Program in Increasing Nutrition-Related Knowledge in a Group of Girls Aged 10–12 Years from Ballet School and Artistic Gymnastics Classes" Nutrients 17, no. 9: 1468. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091468
APA StyleLeonkiewicz, M., & Wawrzyniak, A. (2025). Evaluation of the Nutritional Education Program in Increasing Nutrition-Related Knowledge in a Group of Girls Aged 10–12 Years from Ballet School and Artistic Gymnastics Classes. Nutrients, 17(9), 1468. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091468