Fructose Diet-Associated Molecular Alterations in Hypothalamus of Adolescent Rats: A Proteomic Approach
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. Protein Extraction
2.4. Proteomic Analysis
2.5. Western Blotting
2.6. Analysis of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6)
2.7. Evaluation of Nitro-Tyrosine and Haptoglobin (Hpt)
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Identification of Fructose-Induced Hypothalamic Changes by Proteomic Analysis
3.2. Reduced Amount of Mitochondrial Respiratory Complexes, PGC-1α and VDAC-1 and Higher Level of PINK-1 in Hypothalamus of Fructose-Fed Adolescent Rats
3.3. Increased Levels of Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Hypothalamus of Fructose-Fed Adolescent Rats
3.4. Decreased Amount of Neuronal Intermediate Filaments, BDNF, and Synaptic Markers in Hypothalamus of Fructose-Fed Adolescent Rats
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ingredients (g/100 g) | Control Diet | Fructose Diet |
---|---|---|
Standard Chow a | 50.5 | 50.5 |
Sunflower Oil | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Casein | 9.2 | 9.2 |
Alphacel | 9.8 | 9.8 |
Cornstarch | 20.4 | - |
Fructose | - | 20.4 |
Water | 6.4 | 6.4 |
AIN-76 mineral mix | 1.6 | 1.6 |
AIN-76 vitamin mix | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Choline | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Methionine | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Energy content and composition | ||
Gross Energy Density (kJ/g) | 17.2 | 17.2 |
ME content (kJ/g) b | 11.1 | 11.1 |
Proteins (% ME) | 29.0 | 29.0 |
Lipids (% ME) | 10.6 | 10.6 |
Carbohydrates (% ME) | 60.4 | 60.4 |
Of which: | ||
Fructose | - | 30.0 |
Starch | 52.8 | 22.8 |
Sugars | 7.6 | 7.6 |
Primary Antibody | Secondary Antibody | |
---|---|---|
GFAP | Cell Signalling Technology; 1:1000 a | GAR-HRP IgG; :100,000 f |
Synaptophysin | Merk-Millipore; 1:100,000 b | GAR-HRP IgG; 1:35,000 a |
Synaptotagmin I | Cell Signalling Technology; 1:1000 c | GAR-HRP IgG; :200,000 c |
PSD-95 | Cell Signalling Technology; 1:1000 c | GAR-HRP IgG; 1:60,000 c |
BDNF | Abcam, Cambridge, UK (EPR1292); 1:2000 d | GAR-HRP IgG; 1:180,000 a |
PGC-1α | Merk-Millipore; 1:2000 b | GAR-HRP IgG; 1:40,000 b |
TrkB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:2000 d | GAR-HRP IgG; :100,000 d |
VDAC 1 | Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:500 d | GAM-HRP IgG; :50,000 b |
α-internexin | Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:500 d | GAM-HRP IgG; :70,000 b |
PINK1 | Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:500 d | GAM-HRP IgG; 1:40,000 b |
OXPHOS | Abcam, Cambridge, UK; 1:400 b | GAM-HRP IgG; 1:70,000–1:200,000 a |
pNFkB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:200 d | GAM-HRP IgG; 1:50,000 b |
NFkB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:500 b | GAM-HRP IgG; 1:15,000 b |
β-Actin | Sigma-Aldrich; 1:1000 e | GAM-HRP IgG; 1:30,000 e |
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Share and Cite
D’Ambrosio, C.; Cigliano, L.; Mazzoli, A.; Matuozzo, M.; Nazzaro, M.; Scaloni, A.; Iossa, S.; Spagnuolo, M.S. Fructose Diet-Associated Molecular Alterations in Hypothalamus of Adolescent Rats: A Proteomic Approach. Nutrients 2023, 15, 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15020475
D’Ambrosio C, Cigliano L, Mazzoli A, Matuozzo M, Nazzaro M, Scaloni A, Iossa S, Spagnuolo MS. Fructose Diet-Associated Molecular Alterations in Hypothalamus of Adolescent Rats: A Proteomic Approach. Nutrients. 2023; 15(2):475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15020475
Chicago/Turabian StyleD’Ambrosio, Chiara, Luisa Cigliano, Arianna Mazzoli, Monica Matuozzo, Martina Nazzaro, Andrea Scaloni, Susanna Iossa, and Maria Stefania Spagnuolo. 2023. "Fructose Diet-Associated Molecular Alterations in Hypothalamus of Adolescent Rats: A Proteomic Approach" Nutrients 15, no. 2: 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15020475
APA StyleD’Ambrosio, C., Cigliano, L., Mazzoli, A., Matuozzo, M., Nazzaro, M., Scaloni, A., Iossa, S., & Spagnuolo, M. S. (2023). Fructose Diet-Associated Molecular Alterations in Hypothalamus of Adolescent Rats: A Proteomic Approach. Nutrients, 15(2), 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15020475