Psoriasis and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Eligibility and Inclusion Criteria
- Prospective and retrospective studies in English language published as full-text articles, which included participants ≥18 years affected by psoriasis and healthy control subjects who had their 25(OH)D level measured;
- Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (RCTs) in English language published as full-text articles, which included participants ≥18 years with psoriasis who underwent placebo-controlled supplementation with ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) or cholecalciferol (vitamin D3).
2.2. Exclusion Criteria
- Animal studies, reviews, systematic reviews, and case reports;
- Studies using topical 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and topical cholecalciferol (D3);
- Studies that did not provide sufficient data on 25(OH)D levels.
2.3. Database Search Strategy and Selection Process
2.4. Data Extraction and Quality Assessment
2.5. Bias Risk Assessment
2.6. Summary of Data and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics of Included Studies and Patients
3.2. Serum 25(OH)D Levels and Other Bone Mediators Involved: A Case–Control Meta-Analysis
3.3. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on PASI
3.4. Risk of Bias Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Lowes, M.A.; Bowcock, A.M.; Krueger, J.G. Pathogenesis and Therapy of Psoriasis. Nature 2007, 445, 866–873. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhou, X.; Chen, Y.; Cui, L.; Shi, Y.; Guo, C. Advances in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis: From Keratinocyte Perspective. Cell Death Dis. 2022, 13, 81. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rendon, A.; Schäkel, K. Psoriasis Pathogenesis and Treatment. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 1475. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Korman, N.J. Management of Psoriasis as a Systemic Disease: What Is the Evidence? Br. J. Dermatol. 2020, 182, 840–848. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Raharja, A.; Mahil, S.K.; Barker, J.N. Psoriasis: A Brief Overview. Clin. Med. 2021, 21, 170–173. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Parisi, R.; Symmons, D.P.M.; Griffiths, C.E.M.; Ashcroft, D.M. Identification and Management of Psoriasis and Associated ComorbidiTy (IMPACT) project team Global Epidemiology of Psoriasis: A Systematic Review of Incidence and Prevalence. J. Investig. Dermatol. 2013, 133, 377–385. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Orsmond, A.; Bereza-Malcolm, L.; Lynch, T.; March, L.; Xue, M. Skin Barrier Dysregulation in Psoriasis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 10841. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Blagov, A.; Sukhorukov, V.; Guo, S.; Zhang, D.; Eremin, I.; Orekhov, A. The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Induction and Development of Psoriasis. Front. Biosci. Landmark Ed. 2023, 28, 118. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cherubin, M.; Tebar, W.R.; Meneghini, V.; Bensenor, I.M. Psoriasis and Associated Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 1992 2023, 69, e20230038. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sewerin, P.; Brinks, R.; Schneider, M.; Haase, I.; Vordenbäumen, S. Prevalence and Incidence of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2019, 78, 286–287. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Egeberg, A.; Andersen, Y.M.F.; Thyssen, J.P. Prevalence and Characteristics of Psoriasis in Denmark: Findings from the Danish Skin Cohort. BMJ Open 2019, 9, e028116. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Navarro-Triviño, F.J.; Arias-Santiago, S.; Gilaberte-Calzada, Y. Vitamin D and the Skin: A Review for Dermatologists. Actas Dermo-Sifiliogr. Engl. Ed. 2019, 110, 262–272. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Umar, M.; Sastry, K.S.; Al Ali, F.; Al-Khulaifi, M.; Wang, E.; Chouchane, A.I. Vitamin D and the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Ski. Pharmacol. Physiol. 2018, 31, 74–86. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Barrea, L.; Savanelli, M.C.; Di Somma, C.; Napolitano, M.; Megna, M.; Colao, A.; Savastano, S. Vitamin D and Its Role in Psoriasis: An Overview of the Dermatologist and Nutritionist. Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord. 2017, 18, 195–205. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Mentzel, J.; Kynast, T.; Kohlmann, J.; Kirsten, H.; Blüher, M.; Simon, J.C.; Kunz, M.; Saalbach, A. Reduced Serum Levels of Bone Formation Marker P1NP in Psoriasis. Front. Med. 2021, 8, 730164. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Saalbach, A.; Kunz, M. Impact of Chronic Inflammation in Psoriasis on Bone Metabolism. Front. Immunol. 2022, 13, 925503. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- De Martinis, M.; Ginaldi, L.; Sirufo, M.M.; Bassino, E.M.; De Pietro, F.; Pioggia, G.; Gangemi, S. IL-33/Vitamin D Crosstalk in Psoriasis-Associated Osteoporosis. Front. Immunol. 2020, 11, 604055. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ljosaa, T.M.; Stubhaug, A.; Mork, C.; Moum, T.; Wahl, A.K. Improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index Score Predicts Improvement in Skin Pain over Time in Patients with Psoriasis. Acta Derm. Venereol. 2013, 93, 330–334. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nicolescu, A.C.; Ionescu, M.-A.; Constantin, M.M.; Ancuta, I.; Ionescu, S.; Niculet, E.; Tatu, A.L.; Zirpel, H.; Thaçi, D. Psoriasis Management Challenges Regarding Difficult-to-Treat Areas: Therapeutic Decision and Effectiveness. Life 2022, 12, 2050. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dyring-Andersen, B.; Bonefeld, C.M.; Bzorek, M.; Løvendorf, M.B.; Lauritsen, J.P.H.; Skov, L.; Geisler, C. The Vitamin D Analogue Calcipotriol Reduces the Frequency of CD8+ IL-17+ T Cells in Psoriasis Lesions. Scand. J. Immunol. 2015, 82, 84–91. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mahtani, R.; Nair, P.M.K. Daily Oral Vitamin D3 without Concomitant Therapy in the Management of Psoriasis: A Case Series. Clin. Immunol. Commun. 2022, 2, 17–22. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Aranow, C. Vitamin D and the Immune System. J. Investig. Med. 2011, 59, 881–886. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Stanescu, A.M.A.; Simionescu, A.A.; Diaconu, C.C. Oral Vitamin D Therapy in Patients with Psoriasis. Nutrients 2021, 13, 163. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Liberati, A.; Altman, D.G.; Tetzlaff, J.; Mulrow, C.; Gøtzsche, P.C.; Ioannidis, J.P.A.; Clarke, M.; Devereaux, P.J.; Kleijnen, J.; Moher, D. The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration. PLoS Med. 2009, 6, e1000100. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Page, M.J.; McKenzie, J.E.; Bossuyt, P.M.; Boutron, I.; Hoffmann, T.C.; Mulrow, C.D.; Shamseer, L.; Tetzlaff, J.M.; Akl, E.A.; Brennan, S.E.; et al. The PRISMA 2020 Statement: An Updated Guideline for Reporting Systematic Reviews. BMJ 2021, 372, n71. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Higgins, J.P.T.; Altman, D.G.; Gøtzsche, P.C.; Jüni, P.; Moher, D.; Oxman, A.D.; Savovic, J.; Schulz, K.F.; Weeks, L.; Sterne, J.A.C.; et al. The Cochrane Collaboration’s Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials. BMJ 2011, 343, d5928. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Bhat, G.H.; Guldin, S.; Khan, M.S.; Yasir, M.; Prasad, G. Vitamin D Status in Psoriasis: Impact and Clinical Correlations. BMC Nutr. 2022, 8, 115. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pokharel, R.; Agrawal, S.; Pandey, P.; Lamsal, M. Assessment of Vitamin D Level in Patients with Psoriasis and Its Correlation with Disease Severity: A Case–Control Study. Psoriasis 2022, 12, 251–258. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Patil, A.; Deo, K.; Kalyan, D.; Deora, M.S.; Sharma, Y.; Deoghare, S. Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Psoriasis and Metabolic Syndrome: A Case-Control Study in Indian Patients. Indian J. Dermatol. 2022, 67, 92. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chandrashekar, L.; Kumarit, G.R.K.; Rajappa, M.; Revathy, G.; Munisamy, M.; Thappa, D.M. 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Ischaemia-Modified Albumin Levels in Psoriasis and Their Association with Disease Severity. Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 2015, 72, 56–60. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zuchi, M.F.; Azevedo, P.d.O.; Tanaka, A.A.; Schmitt, J.V.; Martins, L.E.A.M. Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in Psoriatic Patients. Bras. Dermatol. 2015, 90, 430–432. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Petho, Z.; Kulcsar-Jakab, E.; Kalina, E.; Balogh, A.; Pusztai, A.; Gulyas, K.; Horvath, A.; Szekanecz, Z.; Bhattoa, H.P. Vitamin D Status in Men with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Case-Control Study. Osteoporos. Int. 2015, 26, 1965–1970. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Orgaz-Molina, J.; Magro-Checa, C.; Arrabal-Polo, M.A.; Raya-Álvarez, E.; Naranjo, R.; Buendía-Eisman, A.; Arias-Santiago, S. Association of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis: A Case-Control Study. Acta Derm. Venereol. 2014, 94, 142–145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Solak, B.; Dikicier, B.S.; Celik, H.D.; Erdem, T. Bone Mineral Density, 25-OH Vitamin D and Inflammation in Patients with Psoriasis. Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 2016, 32, 153–160. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Al-Mutairi, N.; El Eassa, B.; Nair, V. Measurement of Vitamin D and Cathelicidin (LL-37) Levels in Patients of Psoriasis with Co-Morbidities. Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol. 2013, 79, 492–496. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Filoni, A.; Congedo, M.; Lobreglio, D.; Caldarola, G.; Lobreglio, G.; De Simone, C.; Bonamonte, D. Free and Total Vitamin D in Psoriatic Patients Treated with Biological Drugs. Exp. Dermatol. 2021, 30, 995–996. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Filoni, A.; Vestita, M.; Congedo, M.; Giudice, G.; Tafuri, S.; Bonamonte, D. Association between Psoriasis and Vitamin D: Duration of Disease Correlates with Decreased Vitamin D Serum Levels: An Observational Case-Control Study. Medicine 2018, 97, e11185. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Staberg, B.; Oxholm, A.; Klemp, P.; Christiansen, C. Abnormal Vitamin D Metabolism in Patients with Psoriasis. Acta Derm. Venereol. 1987, 67, 65–68. [Google Scholar]
- Hata, T.R.; Audish, D.; Kotol, P.; Coda, A.; Kabigting, F.; Miller, J.; Alexandrescu, D.; Boguniewicz, M.; Taylor, P.; Aertker, L.; et al. A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Investigation of the Effects of Vitamin D Dietary Supplementation in Subjects with Atopic Dermatitis. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2014, 28, 781–789. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Kuang, Y.; Xiao, Y.; Fang, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Shen, M.; Chen, X.; Chen, M.; Lv, C.; Zhu, W. Association of Serum Vitamin D with Psoriasis and Effect Modification by Central Obesity. Front. Med. 2020, 7, 236. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nayak, P.B.; Girisha, B.S.; Noronha, T.M.; Sripathi, H. Low Vitamin D in Psoriasis: Reality or Myth? Indian J. Dermatol. 2018, 63, 255–260. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Orgaz-Molina, J.; Buendía-Eisman, A.; Arrabal-Polo, M.A.; Ruiz, J.C.; Arias-Santiago, S. Deficiency of Serum Concentration of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Psoriatic Patients: A Case-Control Study. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2012, 67, 931–938. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bergler-Czop, B.; Brzezińska-Wcisło, L. Serum Vitamin D Level—The Effect on the Clinical Course of Psoriasis. Postep. Dermatol. Alergol. 2016, 33, 445–449. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alhetheli, G.; Al-Dhubaibi, M.S.; Bahaj, S.S.; AbdElneam, A.I. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism ApaI as a Predisposing Factor for Psoriasis and Its Relation with Serum Vitamin D Levels and Psoriasis Severity. Cureus 2022, 14, e32715. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Atwa, M.A.; Balata, M.G.; Hussein, A.M.; Abdelrahman, N.I.; Elminshawy, H.H. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration in Patients with Psoriasis and Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Association with Disease Activity and Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha. Saudi Med. J. 2013, 34, 806–813. [Google Scholar]
- Maleki, M.; Nahidi, Y.; Azizahari, S.; Meibodi, N.T.; Hadianfar, A. Serum 25-OH Vitamin D Level in Psoriatic Patients and Comparison with Control Subjects. J. Cutan. Med. Surg. 2016, 20, 207–210. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wilson, P.B. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status in Individuals with Psoriasis in the General Population. Endocrine 2013, 44, 537–539. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gisondi, P.; Rossini, M.; Di Cesare, A.; Idolazzi, L.; Farina, S.; Beltrami, G.; Peris, K.; Girolomoni, G. Vitamin D Status in Patients with Chronic Plaque Psoriasis. Br. J. Dermatol. 2012, 166, 505–510. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Grassi, T.; Panico, A.; Bagordo, F.; Imbriani, G.; Gambino, I.; Lobreglio, D.; Lobreglio, G.; Congedo, M.; Donno, A.D. Direct Detection of Free Vitamin D as a Tool to Assess Risk Conditions Associated with Chronic Plaque Psoriasis. J. Prev. Med. Hyg. 2020, 61, E489. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ingram, M.A.; Jones, M.B.; Stonehouse, W.; Jarrett, P.; Scragg, R.; Mugridge, O.; von Hurst, P.R. Oral Vitamin D3 Supplementation for Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J. Dermatol. Treat. 2018, 29, 648–657. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Disphanurat, W.; Viarasilpa, W.; Chakkavittumrong, P.; Pongcharoen, P. The Clinical Effect of Oral Vitamin D2 Supplementation on Psoriasis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Dermatol. Res. Pract. 2019, 2019, 5237642. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Jarrett, P.; Camargo, C.A.; Coomarasamy, C.; Scragg, R. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Effect of Monthly Vitamin D Supplementation in Mild Psoriasis. J. Dermatol. Treat. 2018, 29, 324–328. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jenssen, M.; Furberg, A.-S.; Jorde, R.; Wilsgaard, T.; Danielsen, K. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Psoriasis Severity in Patients with Lower-Range Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Dermatol. 2023, 159, 518–525. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- An, L.; Sun, M.-H.; Chen, F.; Li, J.-R. Vitamin D Levels in Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Drug Des. Devel. Ther. 2017, 11, 3119–3125. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wang, X.-R.; Xiao, J.-P.; Zhang, J.-J.; Wu, Y.-G. Decreased Serum/Plasma Vitamin D Levels in SLE Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2018, 24, 4466–4473. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, M.; Wu, H.; Zhao, M.; Long, H.; Lu, Q. Vitamin D Status in Patients with Autoimmune Bullous Dermatoses: A Meta-Analysis. J. Dermatol. Treat. 2022, 33, 1356–1367. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pitukweerakul, S.; Thavaraputta, S.; Prachuapthunyachart, S.; Karnchanasorn, R. Hypovitaminosis D Is Associated with Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Kans. J. Med. 2019, 12, 103–108. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fletcher, J.; Bishop, E.L.; Harrison, S.R.; Swift, A.; Cooper, S.C.; Dimeloe, S.K.; Raza, K.; Hewison, M. Autoimmune Disease and Interconnections with Vitamin D. Endocr. Connect. 2022, 11, e210554. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, Y.H.; Song, G.G. Association between Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Psoriasis, and Correlation with Disease Severity: A Meta-Analysis. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 2018, 43, 529–535. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Greb, J.E.; Goldminz, A.M.; Elder, J.T.; Lebwohl, M.G.; Gladman, D.D.; Wu, J.J.; Mehta, N.N.; Finlay, A.Y.; Gottlieb, A.B. Psoriasis. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers 2016, 2, 16082. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Monteleone, G.; Pallone, F.; MacDonald, T.T.; Chimenti, S.; Costanzo, A. Psoriasis: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Clin. Sci. 2011, 120, 1–11. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Buckner, J.H. Mechanisms of Impaired Regulation by CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) Regulatory T Cells in Human Autoimmune Diseases. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2010, 10, 849–859. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Mattozzi, C.; Paolino, G.; Richetta, A.G.; Calvieri, S. Psoriasis, Vitamin D and the Importance of the Cutaneous Barrier’s Integrity: An Update. J. Dermatol. 2016, 43, 507–514. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Christakos, S.; Ajibade, D.V.; Dhawan, P.; Fechner, A.J.; Mady, L.J. Vitamin D: Metabolism. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. N. Am. 2010, 39, 243–253. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Murdaca, G.; Tonacci, A.; Negrini, S.; Greco, M.; Borro, M.; Puppo, F.; Gangemi, S. Emerging Role of Vitamin D in Autoimmune Diseases: An Update on Evidence and Therapeutic Implications. Autoimmun. Rev. 2019, 18, 102350. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rossini, M.; Viapiana, O.; Adami, S.; Fracassi, E.; Idolazzi, L.; Dartizio, C.; Povino, M.R.; Orsolini, G.; Gatti, D. In Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Dickkopf-1 Serum Levels Are Correlated with Parathyroid Hormone, Bone Erosions and Bone Mineral Density. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 2015, 33, 77–83. [Google Scholar]
- Motavalli, R.; Soltani-Zangbar, M.S.; Fereydoonzadeh, K.; Hajivalili, M.; Ahmadian Heris, J.; Kahroba, H.; Niknafs, B.; Motavalli Khiavi, F.; Dolati, S.; Sadeghi, M.; et al. Evaluation of T Helper17 as Skeletal Homeostasis Factor in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and T Helper Cells of End-Stage Renal Disease Cases with Impaired Parathyroid Hormone. Mol. Biol. Rep. 2023. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Theodoridis, X.; Grammatikopoulou, M.G.; Stamouli, E.-M.; Talimtzi, P.; Pagkalidou, E.; Zafiriou, E.; Haidich, A.-B.; Bogdanos, D.P. Effectiveness of Oral Vitamin D Supplementation in Lessening Disease Severity among Patients with Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrition 2021, 82, 111024. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Musumeci, M.L.; Nasca, M.R.; Boscaglia, S.; Micali, G. The Role of Lifestyle and Nutrition in Psoriasis: Current Status of Knowledge and Interventions. Dermatol. Ther. 2022, 35, e15685. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wilchowski, S.M.; Lareau, T. Psoriasis: Are Your Patients D-Pleted? A Brief Literature Review on Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Role in Psoriasis. J. Clin. Aesthet. Dermatol. 2022, 15, S30–S33. [Google Scholar]
- Aggeletopoulou, I.; Tsounis, E.P.; Mouzaki, A.; Triantos, C. Exploring the Role of Vitamin D and the Vitamin D Receptor in the Composition of the Gut Microbiota. Front. Biosci. Landmark Ed. 2023, 28, 116. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bosman, E.S.; Albert, A.Y.; Lui, H.; Dutz, J.P.; Vallance, B.A. Skin Exposure to Narrow Band Ultraviolet (UVB) Light Modulates the Human Intestinal Microbiome. Front. Microbiol. 2019, 10, 2410. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Dawson-Hughes, B.; Staten, M.A.; Knowler, W.C.; Nelson, J.; Vickery, E.M.; LeBlanc, E.S.; Neff, L.M.; Park, J.; Pittas, A.G. D2d Research Group Intratrial Exposure to Vitamin D and New-Onset Diabetes Among Adults with Prediabetes: A Secondary Analysis from the Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) Study. Diabetes Care 2020, 43, 2916–2922. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pittas, A.G.; Dawson-Hughes, B.; Sheehan, P.; Ware, J.H.; Knowler, W.C.; Aroda, V.R.; Brodsky, I.; Ceglia, L.; Chadha, C.; Chatterjee, R.; et al. Vitamin D Supplementation and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 2019, 381, 520–530. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Grant, W.B.; Lahore, H.; McDonnell, S.L.; Baggerly, C.A.; French, C.B.; Aliano, J.L.; Bhattoa, H.P. Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths. Nutrients 2020, 12, 988. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
Reference | Study Design | Sample Size | Psoriasis Patients | Controls | Age (Years) | Type of Psoriasis | Vitamin D Dosage | Vitamin D Deficiency—Cut Off |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bhat GH; 2022 [27] | Case–control | 602 | 285 | 317 | 44.1 ± 13.6 | NA | Chemiluminescence immunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Pokharel R; 2022 [28] | Case–control | 180 | 120 | 60 | 42.5 ± 14.3 | Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis | Chemiluminescent immunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Patil A; 2022 [29] | Case–control | 84 | 42 | 42 | 39.7 ± 12.3 | Severity of psoriasis assessed by PASI score; 35 patients presented chronic plaque psoriasis | Chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Chandrashekar L; 2015 [30] | Case–control | 86 | 43 | 43 | 44.6 ± 12.0 | Psoriasis patients with Fitzpatrick skin type V | Enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits | NA |
Zuchi MF; 2015 [31] | Case–control | 40 | 20 | 20 | 46.4 ± 14.9 | 5/20 had palmoplantar psoriasis and 15/20 psoriasis vulgaris | Chemiluminescent immunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Petho 2015 [32] | Case–control | 106 | 53 | 53 | 54.7 ± 10.5 | Patients with psoriatic arthritis | Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay | <50 mmol/L |
Orgaz-Molina J; 2014 [33] | Case–control | 92 | 46 | 46 | 45.7 ± 10.0 | Psoriasis patients without arthritis | Radioimmunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Solak B; 2016 [34] | Case–control | 84 | 43 | 41 | 36.7 ± 7.8 | Psoriasis patients without arthritis | NA | NA |
Al-Mutairi N; 2013 [35] | Case–control | 200 | 100 | 100 | 40.5 ± 8.8 | Patients with stable plaque psoriasis (PASI ≥ 10) | Competitive enzyme immunoassay | <10 ng/mL |
Filoni A; 2021 [36] | Case–control | 96 | 48 | 48 | 50.2 ± 13.2 | Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis | Direct immunometric measurement | NA |
Flioni A; 2018 [37] | Case–control | 510 | 170 | 340 | 49.4 ± 16.6 | Psoriasis patients including arthropathic psoriasis | NA | <20 ng/mL |
Staberg B; 1987 [38] | Case–control | 69 | 32 | 37 | 44.0 ± 13.3 | NA | Chromatography assay | NA |
Hata TR; 2014 [39] | Case–control * | 46 | 16 | 30 | 34.3 ± 11.0 | Patients with mild psoriasis | NA | <20 ng/mL |
Kuang Y; 2020 [40] | Case–control | 408 | 205 | 203 | 43.7 ± 12.3 | NA | Radioimmunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Nayak PB; 2018 [41] | Case–control | 122 | 61 | 61 | 43.6 ± 3.6 | Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis | NA | <20 ng/mL |
Orgaz-Molina J; 2012 [42] | Case–control | 86 | 43 | 43 | 44.1 ± 10.0 | Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis | Radioimmunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Bergler-Czop B; 2016 [43] | Case–control | 80 | 40 | 40 | 41.6 ± 14.4 | Patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits | <20 ng/mL |
Alhetheli G; 2022 [44] | Case–control | 94 | 53 | 41 | 43.6 ± 6.0 | NA | Chemiluminescence immunoassay | <12 ng/mL |
Atwa M; 2013 [45] | Cross-sectional | 83 | 43 | 40 | 47.0 ± 8.3 | Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis | Chemiluminescence immunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Maleki M; 2016 [46] | Cross-sectional | 93 | 50 | 43 | 42.1 ± 13.7 | Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis for ≥10 months | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay | <20 ng/mL |
Wilson PB; 2013 [47] | Cross-sectional | 5841 | 148 | 5693 | 39.5 ± 5.3 | NA | Radioimmunoassay | <20 ng/mL |
Gisondi P; 2011 [48] | Cross-sectional | 286 | 145 | 141 | 51.7 ± 10.2 | Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits | <20 ng/mL |
Grassi T; 2020 [49] | Cross-sectional | 120 | 72 | 48 | 50.3 ± 13.0 | Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis | Chemiluminescence immunoassay | NA |
Reference | Study Design | Sample Size | Vitamin D Supplementation | Placebo Supplementation | Age (Years) | Type of Psoriasis | Dose | Time of Supplementation | Effectiveness |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ingram M; 2018 [50] | Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study | 101 | 67 | 34 | 49.4 ± 13.5 | Chronic plaque psoriasis | 200.000 IU of Vitamin D3 at baseline, then 100.000 IU of Vitamin D3 per month | 12 months | No improvement of PASI |
Disphanurat W; 2019 [51] | Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study | 45 | 23 | 22 | 50.9 ± 15.1 | Chronic plaque psoriasis | 60.000 IU of Vitamin D2 every 2 weeks | 6 months | Improvement of PASI after 3 and 6 months |
Jarrett P; 2018 [52] | Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study | 65 | 23 | 42 | 67.0 ± 8.2 | NA | 100.000 IU of Vitamin D3 per month | 12 months | No improvement of PASI |
Jenssen M; 2023 [53] | Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study | 122 | 60 | 62 | 53.7 ± 10.0 | Active plaque psoriasis | 100.000 IU of Vitamin D3 at baseline, then 20.000 IU of Vitamin D3 per week | 4 months | No improvement of PASI |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Formisano, E.; Proietti, E.; Borgarelli, C.; Pisciotta, L. Psoriasis and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023, 15, 3387. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153387
Formisano E, Proietti E, Borgarelli C, Pisciotta L. Psoriasis and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2023; 15(15):3387. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153387
Chicago/Turabian StyleFormisano, Elena, Elisa Proietti, Consuelo Borgarelli, and Livia Pisciotta. 2023. "Psoriasis and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Nutrients 15, no. 15: 3387. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153387
APA StyleFormisano, E., Proietti, E., Borgarelli, C., & Pisciotta, L. (2023). Psoriasis and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 15(15), 3387. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153387