Oxygen Sparing Effect of Bacteriotherapy in COVID-19
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design of the Study, Population, Settings and Data Collection
2.2. Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
2.3. COVID-19 Treatments
2.4. Supplemental Oxygen
2.5. Ethics Committee Approval
2.6. Arginine Deiminase (ADI) Assay
2.7. Cell Line, Culture Condition and Treatment
2.8. Total RNA Extraction and NOS2 Expression by RT-PCR
2.9. Nitrite Level Assay
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Primary Endpoint
3.2. Secondary Endpoint
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | RUT (No. = 29) | RUT + OB (No. = 40) | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median (IQR) | No. (%) | Median (IQR) | No. (%) | ||
Age (years) | 70 (60–77) | 61 (51–74·3) | 0.09 | ||
Sex (Male) | 25 (86·2) | 22 (55) | 0.01 | ||
BMI–kg/m3 | 20 (20–22) | 20 (18·8–22) | 0.47 | ||
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)–IU/L | 25 (18–40) | 30 (23·5–45) | 0.17 | ||
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)–IU/L | 21 (19–38) | 26 (18–36.3) | 0.95 | ||
CT score | 16.5 (15–18) | 16.5 (15–18) 5 | 0.91 | ||
Charlson index | 3 (1–4) | 1 (1–5) | 0.24 | ||
Drug therapy | |||||
Antiviral (Remdesivir) | 10 (34.4) | 8 (20) | 0.28 | ||
Antibiotic | 25 (86.2) | 39 (97.5) | 0.19 |
pO2/FiO2 | pO2 (mmHg) | FiO2 (%) | O2Hb (%) | SaO2 (%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 h | 6 h | 0 h | 6 h | 0 h | 6 h | 0 h | 6 h | 0 h | 6 h | ||
RUT | Patient 1 | 319 | 278 | 96 | 63 | 21 | 28 | 96.6 | 92 | 98 | 93 |
Patient 2 | 310 | 175 | 65 | 35 | 21 | 40 | 93 | 94.2 | 98.8 | 98.2 | |
RUT+OB | Patient 3 | 352 | 390 | 76 | 86 | 21 | 21 | 95.3 | 96.9 | 96.9 | 98.9 |
Patient 4 | 328 | 354 | 69 | 89 | 21 | 21 | 82 | 96 | 96 | 98 |
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Ceccarelli, G.; Marazzato, M.; Celani, L.; Lombardi, F.; Piccirilli, A.; Mancone, M.; Trinchieri, V.; Pugliese, F.; Mastroianni, C.M.; d’Ettorre, G. Oxygen Sparing Effect of Bacteriotherapy in COVID-19. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2898. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082898
Ceccarelli G, Marazzato M, Celani L, Lombardi F, Piccirilli A, Mancone M, Trinchieri V, Pugliese F, Mastroianni CM, d’Ettorre G. Oxygen Sparing Effect of Bacteriotherapy in COVID-19. Nutrients. 2021; 13(8):2898. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082898
Chicago/Turabian StyleCeccarelli, Giancarlo, Massimiliano Marazzato, Luigi Celani, Francesca Lombardi, Alessandra Piccirilli, Massimo Mancone, Vito Trinchieri, Francesco Pugliese, Claudio M. Mastroianni, and Gabriella d’Ettorre. 2021. "Oxygen Sparing Effect of Bacteriotherapy in COVID-19" Nutrients 13, no. 8: 2898. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082898
APA StyleCeccarelli, G., Marazzato, M., Celani, L., Lombardi, F., Piccirilli, A., Mancone, M., Trinchieri, V., Pugliese, F., Mastroianni, C. M., & d’Ettorre, G. (2021). Oxygen Sparing Effect of Bacteriotherapy in COVID-19. Nutrients, 13(8), 2898. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082898