Vitamin D Metabolites and Clinical Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
1
Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
2
Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Academic Editor: Carsten Carlberg
Nutrients 2021, 13(7), 2129; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072129
Received: 20 May 2021
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Revised: 11 June 2021
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Accepted: 18 June 2021
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Published: 22 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Micronutrients and Human Health)
(1) Background: Vitamin D, a well-established regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism, also has immune-modulatory functions. An uncontrolled immune response and cytokine storm are tightly linked to fatal courses of COVID-19. The present retrospective study aimed to inves-tigate vitamin D status markers and vitamin D degradation products in a mixed cohort of 148 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with various clinical courses of COVID-19. (2) Methods: The serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 25,26(OH)2D3 were determined by a validated liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry method in leftover serum samples from 148 COVID-19 patients that were admitted to the University Hospital of the Medical Uni-versity of Graz between April and November 2020. Anthropometric and clinical data, as well as outcomes were obtained from the laboratory and hospital information systems. (3) Results: From the 148 patients, 34 (23%) died within 30 days after admission. The frequency of fatal outcomes did not differ between males and females. Non-survivors were significantly older than survivors, had higher peak concentrations of IL-6 and CRP, and required mechanical ventilation more frequently. The serum concentrations of all vitamin D metabolites and the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) did not differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors. Additionally, the need for res-piratory support was unrelated to the serum concentrations of 25(OH)D vitamin D and the two vitamin D catabolites, as well as the VMR. (4) Conclusion: The present results do not support a relevant role of vitamin D for the course and outcome of COVID-19.
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Keywords:
vitamin D metabolites; COVID19; clinical outcome
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zelzer, S.; Prüller, F.; Curcic, P.; Sloup, Z.; Holter, M.; Herrmann, M.; Mangge, H. Vitamin D Metabolites and Clinical Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2129. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072129
AMA Style
Zelzer S, Prüller F, Curcic P, Sloup Z, Holter M, Herrmann M, Mangge H. Vitamin D Metabolites and Clinical Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. Nutrients. 2021; 13(7):2129. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072129
Chicago/Turabian StyleZelzer, Sieglinde, Florian Prüller, Pero Curcic, Zdenka Sloup, Magdalena Holter, Markus Herrmann, and Harald Mangge. 2021. "Vitamin D Metabolites and Clinical Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients" Nutrients 13, no. 7: 2129. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072129
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