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Nutrients
Volume 12
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10.3390/nu12092815
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Article

Wholegrain Consumption and Risk Factors for Cardiorenal Metabolic Diseases in Chile: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2016–2017 Health National Survey

by
Fabian Lanuza
1,2,†,
Raul Zamora-Ros
1,3,†,
Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona
1,
Cristina Andrés-Lacueva
1,4,* and
Tomás Meroño
1,*
1
Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
2
Centro de Epidemiología Cardiovascular y Nutricional (EPICYN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, La Araucanía 4811230, Chile
3
Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
4
CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Both authors equally contributed.
Nutrients 2020, 12(9), 2815; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092815
Submission received: 13 July 2020 / Revised: 7 September 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020 / Published: 14 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Nutritional Epidemiology)
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Abstract

Wholegrain (WG) consumption has been associated with reduced risk factors for cardiorenal metabolic diseases (CRMD). In Latin-America. WG intake is low and scarce studies on this subject have been found. We aimed to evaluate the association between WG consumption and risk factors for CRMD in the 2016–2017 Chilean-National Health Survey. This cross-sectional study included 3110 participants representative of a total population of 11,810,647 subjects > 18 y, not taking insulin and with complete data on CRMD risk factors. Outcomes were metabolic syndrome and its components, albuminuria, and impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR). WG consumption was categorized as regular (≥every two days), sporadic (≥once a month), and non-consumers. Associations were analyzed by multivariable logistic regressions adjusted for confounders taking into account the complex sample design of the survey. Regular WG consumers showed a lower risk of high blood pressure (OR: 0.61, 95%CI: 0.41–0.91) compared to non-consumers in fully-adjusted models. Although inverse associations were noticed with other metabolic syndrome components and impaired GFR, none was statistically significant. The association between WG and BP remained robust in the sensitivity analysis. In conclusion regular WG consumption was associated with a 39% lower risk of high blood pressure in Chilean adults.
Keywords: wholegrain; cardiovascular disease; metabolic syndrome; chronic kidney disease; Latin America wholegrain; cardiovascular disease; metabolic syndrome; chronic kidney disease; Latin America

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lanuza, F.; Zamora-Ros, R.; Hidalgo-Liberona, N.; Andrés-Lacueva, C.; Meroño, T. Wholegrain Consumption and Risk Factors for Cardiorenal Metabolic Diseases in Chile: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2016–2017 Health National Survey. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2815. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092815

AMA Style

Lanuza F, Zamora-Ros R, Hidalgo-Liberona N, Andrés-Lacueva C, Meroño T. Wholegrain Consumption and Risk Factors for Cardiorenal Metabolic Diseases in Chile: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2016–2017 Health National Survey. Nutrients. 2020; 12(9):2815. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092815

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lanuza, Fabian, Raul Zamora-Ros, Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona, Cristina Andrés-Lacueva, and Tomás Meroño. 2020. "Wholegrain Consumption and Risk Factors for Cardiorenal Metabolic Diseases in Chile: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2016–2017 Health National Survey" Nutrients 12, no. 9: 2815. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092815

APA Style

Lanuza, F., Zamora-Ros, R., Hidalgo-Liberona, N., Andrés-Lacueva, C., & Meroño, T. (2020). Wholegrain Consumption and Risk Factors for Cardiorenal Metabolic Diseases in Chile: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2016–2017 Health National Survey. Nutrients, 12(9), 2815. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092815

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