Association of Protein Intake in Three Meals with Muscle Mass in Healthy Young Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study
Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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Nutrients 2019, 11(3), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030612
Received: 14 December 2018 / Revised: 3 March 2019 / Accepted: 8 March 2019 / Published: 13 March 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protein Intake and Muscle Mass)
Protein intake of >0.24 g/kg of body weight (BW) at a single meal is necessary to maximize muscle protein synthesis in a young population. However, the association between the protein intake rate for three meals and muscle mass in the young population has not been evaluated. We hypothesized that a protein intake of >0.24 g/kg BW at all three meals is effective for maintaining muscle mass. Therefore, we cross-sectionally examined the association between protein intake at all three meals with muscle mass in 266 healthy young subjects (aged 21.4 ± 2.4 years). Subjects were divided into the AP group, which achieved protein intake >0.24 g/kg BW at all three meals; and the NP group, which did not. We calculated total fat-free mass (FFM) and appendicular fat-free mass (AppFFM) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the percentage of total FFM (TotalFFM%) and appendicular FFM (AppFFM%) were calculated as the percentage of BW (%BW). We demonstrated that TotalFFM% (77.0 ± 0.5 vs. 75.2 ± 0.4%, p = 0.008) and AppFFM% (34.7 ± 0.3 vs. 34.1 ± 0.2%, p = 0.058) were higher in the AP than in the NP group. This finding suggests that achieving protein intake of >0.24 g/kg BW at all three meals is important for muscle mass maintenance in young populations.
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Keywords:
young subjects; cross-sectional study; muscle mass; fat-free mass; appendicular fat-free mass; dietary records; protein intake; DXA; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
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MDPI and ACS Style
Yasuda, J.; Asako, M.; Arimitsu, T.; Fujita, S. Association of Protein Intake in Three Meals with Muscle Mass in Healthy Young Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2019, 11, 612. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030612
AMA Style
Yasuda J, Asako M, Arimitsu T, Fujita S. Association of Protein Intake in Three Meals with Muscle Mass in Healthy Young Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2019; 11(3):612. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030612
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasuda, Jun; Asako, Mai; Arimitsu, Takuma; Fujita, Satoshi. 2019. "Association of Protein Intake in Three Meals with Muscle Mass in Healthy Young Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study" Nutrients 11, no. 3: 612. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030612
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