Development of a Quality Score for the Home Food Environment Using the Home-IDEA2 and the Healthy Eating Index-2010
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Development of an Initial Home-IDEA2 Healthy Eating Index Score
2.1.1. Application of the HEI Algorithm to the Home-IDEA2
2.1.2. Representative Foods
2.1.3. Food Amounts
2.1.4. Ratios and HEI Score Components
2.2. Psychometric Testing on the Home-IDEA2 HEI Score
2.2.1. Content and Criterion Validity
2.2.2. Construct Validity
3. Results
3.1. Development of an Initial Home-IDEA2 HEI Score
3.2. Psychometric Testing on the Home-IDEA2 HEI Score
3.2.1. Content and Criterion Validity
3.2.2. Construct Validity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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HEI-2010 Components | Maximum Points | Standard for Maximum Score (per 1000 kcal) a | Standard for Minimum Score of Zero (per 1000 kcal) a |
---|---|---|---|
Adequacy | |||
Total Fruit b | 5 | ≥0.8 cup equiv. (102 g) | No Fruit |
Whole Fruit c | 5 | ≥0.4 cup equiv. (51 g) | No Whole Fruit |
Total Vegetables d | 5 | ≥1.1 cup equiv. (141 g) | No Vegetables |
Greens & Beans d | 5 | ≥0.2 cup equiv. (26 g) | No Dark Green Vegetables or Beans/Peas |
Whole Grains | 10 | ≥1.5 oz equiv. (42 g) | No Whole Grains |
Dairy e | 10 | ≥1.3 cup equiv. (166 g) | No Dairy |
Total Protein Foods f | 5 | ≥2.5 oz equiv. (71 g) | No Protein Foods |
Seafood & Plant Proteins f,g | 5 | ≥0.8 oz equiv. (23 g) | No Seafood or Plant Proteins |
Fatty Acid Ratio h | 10 | (PUFAs + MUFAs)/SFA ≥2.5 | (PUFAs + MUFAs)/SFA ≤1.2 |
Moderation | |||
Refined Grains | 10 | ≤1.8 oz equiv. (~51.0 g) | ≥4.3 oz equiv. (122 g) |
Sodium | 10 | ≤1.1 g | ≥2.0 g |
Empty Calories i | 20 | ≤19% of energy | ≥50% of energy |
Total Score j | 100 |
Potential Representative Food Item | HEI Component Score | Presence in Households a | Availability, Consumption and Other Considerations | Selection Decision |
---|---|---|---|---|
Oranges | Whole fruit; Total fruit | Common | Availability: Year-round; Consumed: As whole fruit | Selected (food code 61119010) |
Clementines (Cuties®) | Whole fruit; Total fruit | Common | Availability: Seasonal; Consumed: As whole fruit | Not selected due to seasonality |
Mandarins | Whole fruit; Total fruit; SOFAAS (added sugars) | Common | Availability: Seasonal (fresh); Year Round (packaged); Consumed: As whole fruit; Other: Packed in juice and syrup; contains added sugars | Not selected due to contribution of added sugars |
Grapefruit | Whole fruit; Total fruit; SOFAAS (added sugars) | Less common | Availability: Seasonal (fresh); Year Round (packaged); Consumed: As whole fruit; Other: Packed in juice and syrup; contains added sugars | Not selected due low presence in households and contribution of added sugars |
Tangerine | Whole fruit; Total fruit | Less common | Availability: Seasonal; Consumed: As whole fruit | Not selected due to low presence in households and seasonality |
Lemons | Whole fruit; Total fruit | Common | Availability: Year-round; Consumed: Not typically eaten in whole as fruit | Not selected because not typically consumed as whole fruit |
Limes | Whole fruit; Total fruit | Common | Availability: Year-round; Consumed: Not typically eaten in whole as fruit | Not selected because not typically consumed as whole fruit |
Validity Measure | Research Question | Analysis Strategy | |
---|---|---|---|
Objective 1: Develop an initial Home-IDEA2 HEI Score | Face | Do the representative food items and amounts selected represent the intent of each Home-IDEA2 item? Would the representative foods be reasonably found in the target population homes? | Expert review of representative foods and food amounts, including comparison to standard consumer packaging sizes |
Objective 2: Psychometric Testing of Home-IDEA2 HEI Score | Content | Do the representative foods feed into the HEI component and total scores as theorized? | Iterative runs of the HEI-2010 algorithm on the Home-IDEA2 HEI Score Database; each food was removed individually and changes in scores were visually examined |
Criterion | Are there any individual representative foods that impact HEI component or total scores more substantially than other foods? | Iterative runs of the HEI-2010 algorithm on the Home-IDEA2 HEI Score Database; each food was removed individually and changes in scores were visually examined | |
Construct | Does the Home-IDEA2 HEI Score identify different home food environments? | Test the Home-IDEA2 HEI Score on five sample Home-IDEA2 checklists representing varying diet patterns (CACFP, DASH, vegetarian, moderately processed, highly processed) |
Percent (%) Change a | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HEI-2010 Component | Ramen | Brown Rice | Broccoli | Grapes | Vegetable Oil |
Adequacy | |||||
Total Fruit | 2.0 | 0.7 | 0.1 | −5.3 | 5.5 |
Whole Fruit | 3.3 | 1.2 | 0.1 | −10.7 | 5.1 |
Total Vegetables | 2.0 | 0.7 | −3.8 | 0.3 | 5.4 |
Greens and Beans | 0.7 | 0.3 | −21.1 | 0.1 | 2.0 |
Whole Grains | 2.2 | −7.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 5.9 |
Dairy | 2.6 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 7.0 |
Total Protein Foods | 3.0 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 8.2 |
Seafood and Plant Proteins | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Fatty Acid Ratio | 4.2 | -0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −31.1 |
Moderation | |||||
Refined Grains | 5.4 | −1.4 | −0.1 | −0.5 | −10.5 |
Sodium | 11.4 | −1.7 | 0.0 | −0.6 | −12.7 |
SoFAAS Calories | 1.5 | −0.9 | -0.1 | −0.3 | −7.0 |
Total Score | 3.4 | −0.9 | −1.2 | −0.9 | −4.2 |
Sample Home Food Environments | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HEI-2010 Components | Maximum Points | Home-IDEA2 (All Foods Present) | Highly Processed | Moderately Processed | Minimally Processed, Vegetarian | DASH | CACFP |
Adequacy | |||||||
Total Fruit | 5 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.4 | 3.3 | 5.0 |
Whole Fruit | 5 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 5.0 | 3.6 | 5.0 |
Total Vegetables | 5 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 3.4 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Greens & Beans | 5 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Whole Grains | 10 | 6.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 10.0 | 8.0 | 10.0 |
Dairy | 10 | 7.4 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 9.1 |
Total Protein Foods | 5 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Seafood & Plant Proteins | 5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 2.6 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 0.0 |
Fatty Acid Ratio | 10 | 8.1 | 6.5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 0.0 |
Moderation | |||||||
Refined Grains | 10 | 6.2 | 0.8 | 5.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Sodium | 10 | 8.9 | 6.9 | 7.7 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 6.4 |
Empty Calories | 20 | 17.6 | 15.7 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 18.4 |
Total Score a | 100 | 75.2 | 56.0 | 64.9 | 93.8 | 88.9 | 78.9 |
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Hibbs-Shipp, S.K.; Boles, R.E.; Johnson, S.L.; McCloskey, M.L.; Hobbs, S.; Bellows, L.L. Development of a Quality Score for the Home Food Environment Using the Home-IDEA2 and the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Nutrients 2019, 11, 372. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020372
Hibbs-Shipp SK, Boles RE, Johnson SL, McCloskey ML, Hobbs S, Bellows LL. Development of a Quality Score for the Home Food Environment Using the Home-IDEA2 and the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Nutrients. 2019; 11(2):372. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020372
Chicago/Turabian StyleHibbs-Shipp, Sarah K., Richard E. Boles, Susan L. Johnson, Morgan L. McCloskey, Savannah Hobbs, and Laura L. Bellows. 2019. "Development of a Quality Score for the Home Food Environment Using the Home-IDEA2 and the Healthy Eating Index-2010" Nutrients 11, no. 2: 372. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020372
APA StyleHibbs-Shipp, S. K., Boles, R. E., Johnson, S. L., McCloskey, M. L., Hobbs, S., & Bellows, L. L. (2019). Development of a Quality Score for the Home Food Environment Using the Home-IDEA2 and the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Nutrients, 11(2), 372. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020372