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Nutrients
Volume 11
Issue 11
10.3390/nu11112641
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Article

Factors Predicting the Response to a Vitamin D-Fortified Milk in Healthy Postmenopausal Women

by
Rebeca Reyes-Garcia
1,2,
Antonia Garcia-Martin
1,3,
Santiago Palacios
4,
Nancy Salas
4,
Nicolas Mendoza
5,
Miguel Quesada-Charneco
3,
Juristo Fonolla
6,
Federico Lara-Villoslada
7 and
Manuel Muñoz-Torres
1,3,8,9,*
1
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
2
Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas, 04009 Almería, Spain
3
Unidad de Gestión Clínica Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Avenida de la Innovacion, 18016 Granada, Spain
4
Palacios Institute of Women’s Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
5
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
6
Nutrition Department, Biosearch S.A, 18016 Granada, Spain
7
Research and Development Department of Lactalis Puleva, Nutrition Department, Biosearch S.A, 18004 Granada, Spain
8
Department of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
9
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (Ibs.GRANADA), 18106 Granada, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2019, 11(11), 2641; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112641
Received: 14 September 2019 / Revised: 24 October 2019 / Accepted: 25 October 2019 / Published: 4 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Calcium, Vitamin D and Health)
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Abstract

Background: Milk products fortified with vitamin D may constitute an alternative to pharmacological supplements for reaching the optimal levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Our aim was to analyze the response of serum 25(OH)D and its predictive factors in postmenopausal healthy women after a dietary intervention with a milk fortified with vitamin D and calcium. Methods: We designed a prospective study including 305 healthy postmenopausal women who consumed a fortified milk with calcium (900 mg/500 mL) and vitamin D3 (600 IU/500 mL) daily for 24 months. Results: The 25(OH)D concentrations at 24 months were correlated to weight, to body mass index, to the percentage of fat, triglycerides and to baseline 25(OH)D levels. We found significant differences in the levels of 25(OH)D at 24 months according to baseline 25(OH)D levels (p < 0.001) and body mass index (p = 0.019) expressed at quartiles. Multivariate analysis showed an association between levels of 25(OH)D after the intervention and at baseline 25(OH)D (Beta = 0.47, p < 0.001) and percentage of body fat (Beta = −0.227, p = 0.049), regardless of the body mass index. Conclusions: In healthy postmenopausal women, the improvement in 25(OH)D after an intervention with a fortified milk for 24 months depends mainly on the baseline levels of serum 25(OH)D and on the percentage of body fat. View Full-Text
Keywords: Vitamin D; postmenopausal women; obesity; fat mass Vitamin D; postmenopausal women; obesity; fat mass
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MDPI and ACS Style

Reyes-Garcia, R.; Garcia-Martin, A.; Palacios, S.; Salas, N.; Mendoza, N.; Quesada-Charneco, M.; Fonolla, J.; Lara-Villoslada, F.; Muñoz-Torres, M. Factors Predicting the Response to a Vitamin D-Fortified Milk in Healthy Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2641. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112641

AMA Style

Reyes-Garcia R, Garcia-Martin A, Palacios S, Salas N, Mendoza N, Quesada-Charneco M, Fonolla J, Lara-Villoslada F, Muñoz-Torres M. Factors Predicting the Response to a Vitamin D-Fortified Milk in Healthy Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients. 2019; 11(11):2641. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112641

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reyes-Garcia, Rebeca, Antonia Garcia-Martin, Santiago Palacios, Nancy Salas, Nicolas Mendoza, Miguel Quesada-Charneco, Juristo Fonolla, Federico Lara-Villoslada, and Manuel Muñoz-Torres. 2019. "Factors Predicting the Response to a Vitamin D-Fortified Milk in Healthy Postmenopausal Women" Nutrients 11, no. 11: 2641. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112641

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