25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Its Association with Sleep Duration in Chinese Schoolchildren
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Subjects and Experimental Design
2.2. Blood Collection and Anthropometrics Measurement
2.3. Biochemistry Analysis
2.4. Sleep Duration and Healt and h-Related Behavioral Factors
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | |
---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD a) | 11.15 (1.91) |
Gender, n (%) | |
Male | 436 (54.50) |
Female | 364 (45.50) |
Parents’ highest education at college level, n (%) | |
Both had college degree | 283 (35.38) |
Only one of them had college degree | 111 (13.88) |
None of them had college | 406 (50.24) |
Parents’ marriage status, n (%) | |
Married | 754 (94.25) |
Divorced/widowed/separated | 46 (5.75) |
Bedtimes, mean (SD) | 21:12 (0:41) |
Wake times, mean (SD) | 6:23 (0:36) |
sleep duration, mean (SD) (h) | 9.17 (0.97) |
BMI b, mean (SD) (kg/m2) | 17.61 (3.19) |
Hipline, mean (SD) (cm) | 74.19 (14.28) |
Waistline, mean (SD) (cm) | 65.67 (33.03) |
Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), mean (SD) | 0.90 (0.30) |
Waist-to-Heigth Ratio (WHtR), mean (SD) | 0.46 (0.26) |
25(OH)D, mean (SD) (ng/mL) | 22.4 (6.0) |
Variables | Sleep Duration | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
<9.0 h/day (n = 262) | 9.0–9.9 h/day (n = 353) | ≥10.0 h/day (n = 185) | p | |
Age, years, mean (SD a) | 12.22 (1.75) | 10.24 (1.73) | 9.41 (0.90) | <0.001 |
Age group (years), n (%) | <0.001 | |||
≤10 | 52 (19.85) | 224 (63.46) | 148 (80.00) | |
>10 | 210 (80.15) | 129 (36.54) | 37 (20.00) | |
Gender | 0.071 | |||
Male, n (%) | 128 (48.85) | 205 (58.07) | 103 (55.68) | |
Parents’ highest education at college level, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
Both had college degree | 61 (23.28) | 136 (38.53) | 86 (46.49) | |
Only one of them had college degree | 33 (12.60) | 49 (13.88) | 29 (15.68) | |
None of them had college | 168 (64.12) | 168 (47.59) | 70 (37.84) | |
Parents’ marriage status, n (%) | 0.170 | |||
Married | 252 (96.18) | 327 (92.63) | 175 (94.59) | |
Divorced/widowed/separated | 10 (3.82) | 26 (7.37) | 10 (5.41) | |
Bedtimes, mean (SD) | 21:44 (0:39) | 21:08 (0:23) | 20:35 (0:34) | <0.001 |
Wake times, mean (SD) | 5:53 (0:24) | 6:29 (0:24) | 6:54 (0:35) | <0.001 |
BMI b, mean (SD) (kg/m2) | 18.93 (3.58) | 17.18 (2.58) | 16.58 (2.57) | <0.001 |
25(OH)D, mean (SD) (ng/mL) | 21.9 (5.7) | 24.3 (5.8) | 23.6 (6.2) | <0.001 |
25(OH)D Status, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
Deficiency/Insufficiency (≤20 ng/mL) | 106 (40.46) | 80 (22.66) | 56 (30.27) | |
Sufficiency (>20 ng/mL) | 156 (59.54) | 273 (77.34) | 129 (69.73) | |
Felt sad or hopeless (yes) c,n (%) | 34 (12.98) | 40 (11.33) | 18 (9.73) | 0.564 |
Current smoking (yes) d, n (%) | 9 (3.44) | 10 (2.83) | 4 (2.16) | 0.729 |
Current drinking (yes) d,n (%) | 34 (12.98) | 24 (6.80) | 5 (2.70) | <0.001 |
Breakfastskipping (breakfast consumption frequency ≤6 days/week), n (%) | 48 (18.32) | 27 (7.65) | 6 (3.24) | <0.001 |
Physical activity e | ||||
Moderate physical activity (≥1 day/week), n (%) | 254 (96.95) | 338 (95.75) | 178 (96.22) | 0.742 |
Outdoor activity (≥2 days/week), n (%) | 198 (77.95) | 252 (75.68) | 135 (75.00) | 0.732 |
Watching TV (≥2 h/day), n (%) | 44 (17.32) | 51 (15.18) | 29 (16.11) | 0.782 |
25(OH)D Levels (mg/mL) | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|
Sleep Duration Insufficiency (Less Than 9 h) | ≤20 | >20 | |
Model 1 | 1.71 (1.17–2.49) | 1 | 0.005 |
Model 2 | 1.07 (1.01–1.13) | 1 | 0.007 |
Model 3 | 1.67 (1.14–2.43) | 1 | 0.009 |
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Gong, Q.-H.; Li, S.-X.; Li, H.; Chen, Q.; Li, X.-Y.; Xu, G.-Z. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Its Association with Sleep Duration in Chinese Schoolchildren. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10081013
Gong Q-H, Li S-X, Li H, Chen Q, Li X-Y, Xu G-Z. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Its Association with Sleep Duration in Chinese Schoolchildren. Nutrients. 2018; 10(8):1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10081013
Chicago/Turabian StyleGong, Qing-Hai, Si-Xuan Li, Hui Li, Qi Chen, Xiao-Yong Li, and Guo-Zhang Xu. 2018. "25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Its Association with Sleep Duration in Chinese Schoolchildren" Nutrients 10, no. 8: 1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10081013
APA StyleGong, Q.-H., Li, S.-X., Li, H., Chen, Q., Li, X.-Y., & Xu, G.-Z. (2018). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Its Association with Sleep Duration in Chinese Schoolchildren. Nutrients, 10(8), 1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10081013