Impact of Selenium Addition to Animal Feeds on Human Selenium Status in Serbia
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Data Collection
2.2. Laboratory Assays
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Quartile of Plasma Selenium | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | First | Second | Third | Fourth | P | |
n | 142 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 35 | |
Age | 41.2 ± 8.4 | 41.0 ± 6.7 | 39.6 ± 8.6 | 42.3 ± 8.5 | 41.8 ± 9.6 | 0.621 |
Gender, % male | 43.0 | 31.1 | 50.0 | 47.2 | 42.9 | 0.411 |
BMI 1, kg/m2 | 26.6 ± 4.0 | 26.8 ± 4.5 | 26.0 ± 3.7 | 26.9 ± 4.1 | 26.6 ± 3.5 | 0.916 |
% of smokers | 23.94 | 25.71 | 33.33 | 16.67 | 20 | 0.372 |
% of higher education | 59.2 | 65.7 | 52.8 | 58.3 | 60 | 0.709 |
% use of supplements 2 | 23.9 | 25.7 | 33.3 | 16.7 | 20 | 0.372 |
Meat servings/week | 4.7 ± 2.1 | 4.0 ± 2.1 a | 4.2 ± 1.9 a,b | 4.9 ± 2.0 b | 6.0 ± 2.0 c | 0.000 |
Eggs servings/week | 1.0 ± 1.1 | 0.8 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 0.357 |
Milk servings/week | 5.2 ± 2.8 | 5.5 ± 3.2 | 5.2 ± 2.7 | 4.7 ± 2.4 | 5.4 ± 3.1 | 0.713 |
Fish servings/week | 1.1 ± 1.2 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 0.282 |
Plasma selenium µg/L | 84.3 ± 15.9 | 67.5 ± 3.15 a | 76.9 ± 2.8 b | 86.5 ± 3.2 c | 107.0 ± 10.0 d | 0.000 |
Frequency Distribution of Intake (Times/Week) | Correlation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<1 | 1–2 | 3–4 | 5–6 | ≥7 | rs 2 | p | |
Meat | 0.7% 1 | 8.4% | 38.15 | 38.8% | 14.0% | 0.369 | 0.000 |
Eggs | 37.3% | 47.8% | 14.1% | 0.7% | - | 0.149 | 0.122 |
Milk and dairy | 2.8% | 12.3% | 23.2% | 37.3% | 23.1% | 0.009 | 0.919 |
Fish | 36.6% | 37.3% | 14.1% | 1.4% | - | 0.101 | 0.149 |
Meat + eggs | 0.7% | 8.0% | 28.8% | 26.1% | 37.3% | 0.392 | 0.000 |
Meat + eggs + fish | 0.7% | 1.4% | 16.2% | 26.1% | 55.6% | 0.437 | 0.000 |
In 1991 [9] | In 2013 [7] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Foodstuff | Se Concentration | µg Se/Day/Person | Se Concentration | µg Se/Day/Person |
Milk | 12.2 µg/L | 5.0 1 | 12.1 µg/L | 5.9 1 |
Pork | 85.6 µg/kg | 4.1 | 112.7 µg/kg | 9.4 |
Beef | 92.0 µg/kg | 2.5 | 95.7 µg/kg | 1.7 |
Poultry | 122.4 µg/kg | 3.9 | 121.7 µg/kg | 8.0 |
Eggs | 138.0 µg/kg | 3.0 | 186.1 µg/kg | 6.7 |
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Pavlovic, Z.; Miletic, I.; Zekovic, M.; Nikolic, M.; Glibetic, M. Impact of Selenium Addition to Animal Feeds on Human Selenium Status in Serbia. Nutrients 2018, 10, 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10020225
Pavlovic Z, Miletic I, Zekovic M, Nikolic M, Glibetic M. Impact of Selenium Addition to Animal Feeds on Human Selenium Status in Serbia. Nutrients. 2018; 10(2):225. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10020225
Chicago/Turabian StylePavlovic, Zoran, Ivanka Miletic, Milica Zekovic, Marina Nikolic, and Maria Glibetic. 2018. "Impact of Selenium Addition to Animal Feeds on Human Selenium Status in Serbia" Nutrients 10, no. 2: 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10020225
APA StylePavlovic, Z., Miletic, I., Zekovic, M., Nikolic, M., & Glibetic, M. (2018). Impact of Selenium Addition to Animal Feeds on Human Selenium Status in Serbia. Nutrients, 10(2), 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10020225