Human Milk Oligosaccharides to Prevent Gut Dysfunction and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Oligosaccharides in Human Milk after Preterm Birth
3. Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Necrotizing Enterocolitis
4. Human Milk Oligosaccharides and the Preterm Gut Microbiota
5. Human Milk Oligosaccharide Effects on Gastrointestinal Maturation
6. Immunomodulatory Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides
7. Human Milk Oligosaccharides for the Preterm Newborns
8. Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Neutral Oligosaccharides | Acidic Oligosaccharides | ||
---|---|---|---|
2’-Fucosyllactose | 2’-FL | Disialyllacto-N-tetraose | DSLNT |
Lactodifucotetraose | LDFT | Siallylacto-N-neo-tetraose b | LST b |
Lacto-N-tetraose | LNT | Siallylacto-N-neo-tetraose c | LST c |
Lacto-N-neo-tetraose | LNnT | Siallylacto-N-tetraose a | LST a |
Lacto-N-hexaose | LNH | 3′-Sialyllactose | 3’SL |
3-Fucosyllactose | 3FL | 6′-Sialyllactose | 6’SL |
Lacto-N-fucopentaose I | LNFP I | ||
Lacto-N-fucopentaose II | LNFP II | ||
Lacto-N-fucopentaose III | LNFP III | ||
Lacto-N-fucopentaose V | LNFP V | ||
Lacto-N-difucohexaose I | LNDFH I | ||
Lacto-N-difucohexaose II | LNDFH II |
Milk Group | Genotypes | Phenotypes | Fucosyl-Oligosaccharides [24] * | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Secretor | Lewis | Secretor | Lewis | ||
1 | Se/‒ | Le/‒ | Secretor | Lewis positive | 2’-FL, LNDFH I + II, LNFP I + II + III, 3FL, LDFT, LNnT, LNT, LNH, MFNLH II |
2 | se/se | Le/‒ | Non-secretor | Lewis positive | LNDFH I + II, 3FL, LNFP II + III, LNnT, LNT, LNH, MFNLH II |
3 | Se/‒ | le/le | Secretor | Lewis negative | 3FL, LNFP I + III, LDFT, 2’-FL, LNnT, LNT, LNH, MFNLH II |
4 | se/se | le/le | Non-secretor | Lewis negative | 3FL, LNFP III, MFLNH II, LNnT, LNT, LNH |
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Bering, S.B. Human Milk Oligosaccharides to Prevent Gut Dysfunction and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1461. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101461
Bering SB. Human Milk Oligosaccharides to Prevent Gut Dysfunction and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates. Nutrients. 2018; 10(10):1461. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101461
Chicago/Turabian StyleBering, Stine Brandt. 2018. "Human Milk Oligosaccharides to Prevent Gut Dysfunction and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates" Nutrients 10, no. 10: 1461. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101461