Modal Parameters Identification of Bridge Structures from GNSS Data Using the Improved Empirical Wavelet Transform
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. The Improved EWT
2.2. Modal Parameters Identification Based on the Improved EWT
3. Numerical Studies
3.1. Numerical Study on a 4-Storey Steel Frame Model
3.2. Numerical Study on Acceleration Response Data of a Suspension Bridge
4. Field Experiments
4.1. Engineering Background
4.2. Data Processing and Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Abbreviation | The Full Name |
GNSS | Global Navigation Satellite System |
EWT | Empirical Wavelet Transform |
NExT | Natural Excitation Technique |
HT | Hilbert Transform |
WT | Wavelet Transform |
CWT | Continuous Wavelet Transform |
LSWA | Least-Squares Wavelet Analysis |
WWA | Weighted Wavelet Analysis |
EMD | Empirical Mode Decomposition |
EEMD | Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition |
MEMD | Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition |
IMF | Intrinsic Mode Function |
MUSIC | Multiple Signal Classification |
NF | Natural Frequency |
DR | Damping Ratio |
SET | Synchro-Extracting Transform |
LWM | Local Window Maxima |
AM-FM | Amplitude Modulation-Frequency Modulation |
DOF | Degrees-of-Freedom |
FEA | Finite Element Analysis |
RTK | Real-Time Kinematic |
NRTK | Network Real-Time Kinematic |
PPK | Post-Processing Kinematic |
CORS | Continuous Operation Reference Station |
ACC | Accelerometer |
TF | Time–frequency |
SNR | Signal-to-Noise Ratio |
RMSE | Root Mean Square Error |
R | Correlation Coefficient |
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IMF | FEA | Proposed Method | Difference | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NF (Hz) | DR (%) | NF (Hz) | DR (%) | NF (%) | DR (%) | |
2 | 9.41 | 1.0 | 9.4051 | 0.96 | 0.05 | 4 |
3 | 16.38 | 1.0 | 16.3540 | 1.0 | 0.16 | 0 |
4 | 25.54 | 1.0 | 25.4529 | 1.02 | 0.34 | 2 |
6 | 48.01 | 1.0 | 47.9889 | 0.96 | 0.04 | 4 |
IMF | Target Value | Proposed Method | Difference | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NF (Hz) | DR (%) | NF (Hz) | DR (%) | NF (%) | DR (%) | |
2 | 0.2046 | 0.50 | 0.2046 | 0.53 | 0 | 6 |
3 | 0.3189 | 0.50 | 0.3192 | 0.52 | 0.09 | 4 |
4 | 0.4391 | 0.50 | 0.4381 | 0.54 | 0.23 | 8 |
5 | 0.5852 | 0.50 | 0.5852 | 0.54 | 0 | 8 |
6 | 0.8643 | 0.50 | 0.8574 | 0.67 | 0.80 | 34 |
7 | 1.1944 | 0.50 | 1.1718 | 0.39 | 1.89 | 22 |
Mode | NF (Hz) | DR (%) |
---|---|---|
1 | 1.6710 | 0.82 |
2 | 2.8434 | 0.48 |
3 | 5.2059 | 0.50 |
Method | SNR (dB) | RMSE (mm) | R |
---|---|---|---|
EMD | 2.0424 | 1.7 | 0.6145 |
WT | 2.4835 | 1.5 | 0.6628 |
Proposed method | 8.7773 | 0.52 | 0.9343 |
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Fang, Z.; Yu, J.; Meng, X. Modal Parameters Identification of Bridge Structures from GNSS Data Using the Improved Empirical Wavelet Transform. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 3375. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173375
Fang Z, Yu J, Meng X. Modal Parameters Identification of Bridge Structures from GNSS Data Using the Improved Empirical Wavelet Transform. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13(17):3375. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173375
Chicago/Turabian StyleFang, Zhen, Jiayong Yu, and Xiaolin Meng. 2021. "Modal Parameters Identification of Bridge Structures from GNSS Data Using the Improved Empirical Wavelet Transform" Remote Sensing 13, no. 17: 3375. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173375