Twenty Years of ASTER Contributions to Lithologic Mapping and Mineral Exploration
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Early Geologic Applications of Spaceborne Instruments
3. ASTER History
4. ASTER Instrument
- increased number of SWIR bands to six to improve mapping of surface composition;
- increased number of TIR bands to five to derive accurate surface temperature and emissivity measurements [22];
- improved radiometric accuracy and resolution [23].
- increased base-to-height (b/h) ratio of the stereo data, from 0.3 to 0.6, to improve surface elevation determination
5. Lithologic Mapping with ASTER Data
5.1. Mapping Using Only ASTER Data
5.2. Lithologic Mapping with ASTER and Other Remote Sensing Data
6. Mineral Exploration with ASTER Data
6.1. Technique Development for Alteration Mapping
6.2. General Alteration Mapping
6.3. Alteration Mapping with ASTER Data and Other Data Sources
6.4. ASTER Data Applied to Porphyry Copper Exploration
6.5. ASTER Data Applied to Gold Exploration
6.6. ASTER Data Applied to Exploration for Other Minerals
7. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Acronyms
AIST | National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology |
ALI | Advanced Land Imager |
ASTER | Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer |
CSIRO | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation |
EO-1 | Earth Observer |
EOS | Earth Observing System |
ERTS | Earth Resources Technology Satellite |
GDEM | Global digital elevation model |
HRV | High resolution visible |
IRS | Indian Remote Sensing |
ITIR | Intermediate Thermal Infrared Radiometer |
JERS | Japan Earth Resources Satellite |
LPDAAC | Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center |
METI | Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry |
MITI | Ministry of International Trade and Industry |
MSS | Multispectral scanner |
NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
NASDA | National Space Development Agency |
OLI | Operational Land Imager |
OPS | Optical sensor |
PALSAR | Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar |
SAC-C | Scientific Application Satellite-C |
SPOT | Satellite pour l’Observation de la Terre |
STA | Science and Technology Agency |
SWIR | Short wave infrared |
TIGER | Thermal Infrared Ground Emission Radiometer |
TIR | Thermal infrared |
TM | Thematic Mapper |
VNIR | Visible and near infrared |
Appendix A. ASTER Operations
Appendix A.1. Data Acquisition
Appendix A.2. Data Products
Appendix A.3. Data Archiving and Distribution
Appendix B. Spectral Indices
Appendix B.1. TIR Spectral Indices
- CI = Carbonate index = B13/B14, where B13 is the value of radiance-at-sensor of ASTER TIR band 13; CI is high for calcite and dolomite
- QI = Quartz Index = (B11 × B11)/(B10 + B12)
- MI = Mafic Index = (B12 × B143)/B134
Appendix B.2. Logical Operators
Appendix B.3. Australian Geoscience Maps
- Algorithm = (B6+B9)/(B7+B8)
- Masks = green vegetation <1.4 and cloud, water, shadow and sun glint
- Stretch = linear 1.05–1.2
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Abrams, M.; Yamaguchi, Y. Twenty Years of ASTER Contributions to Lithologic Mapping and Mineral Exploration. Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 1394. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111394
Abrams M, Yamaguchi Y. Twenty Years of ASTER Contributions to Lithologic Mapping and Mineral Exploration. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11(11):1394. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111394
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbrams, Michael, and Yasushi Yamaguchi. 2019. "Twenty Years of ASTER Contributions to Lithologic Mapping and Mineral Exploration" Remote Sensing 11, no. 11: 1394. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111394