Figure 1.
Flowchart of the comparison of MRT estimates derived by ORTM, ARTA, and RCM.
Figure 1.
Flowchart of the comparison of MRT estimates derived by ORTM, ARTA, and RCM.
Figure 2.
Comparison of ORTM- and ARTA-derived MRT estimates. AVDOA is short for “the absolute value of the difference between ORTM- and ARTA-derived MRT”. The y-axis, showing “percentage of AVDOA no larger than 2 s”, is on the right side of the upper panel.
Figure 2.
Comparison of ORTM- and ARTA-derived MRT estimates. AVDOA is short for “the absolute value of the difference between ORTM- and ARTA-derived MRT”. The y-axis, showing “percentage of AVDOA no larger than 2 s”, is on the right side of the upper panel.
Figure 3.
Set-up of the data collection at East China Normal University. Two antennas connect to the same GNSS receiver. (a) One antenna mounted on a concrete pillar (Latitude: 31.035631°N; Longitude: 121.444421°E); (b) the other antenna set on the top of an A/C compressor (Latitude: 31.035640°N; Longitude: 121.444550°E).
Figure 3.
Set-up of the data collection at East China Normal University. Two antennas connect to the same GNSS receiver. (a) One antenna mounted on a concrete pillar (Latitude: 31.035631°N; Longitude: 121.444421°E); (b) the other antenna set on the top of an A/C compressor (Latitude: 31.035640°N; Longitude: 121.444550°E).
Figure 4.
ORTM-, ARTA-, and RCM-derived MRT estimates for PRN 02, 06, 12, 18, 24, and 32. The y-axes denote the daily advance time. MRT estimate equals 86,400 s minus daily advance time. Legend shown on (a) is for the all (a–f).
Figure 4.
ORTM-, ARTA-, and RCM-derived MRT estimates for PRN 02, 06, 12, 18, 24, and 32. The y-axes denote the daily advance time. MRT estimate equals 86,400 s minus daily advance time. Legend shown on (a) is for the all (a–f).
Figure 5.
ORTM-, ARTA-, and RCM-derived MRT estimates for PRN13. The y-axis shows the daily advance time. MRT estimate equals 86,400 s minus daily advance time.
Figure 5.
ORTM-, ARTA-, and RCM-derived MRT estimates for PRN13. The y-axis shows the daily advance time. MRT estimate equals 86,400 s minus daily advance time.
Figure 6.
Minimal angle (minimal value in ARTA) between receiver-to-satellite unit vectors of each two consecutive days from DOY 335 to 354, 2014. The black squares are the minimal angles for PRN 13; each value is a daily average. The red circles are the average minimal angles of all the satellites with the repeat time in the normal range.
Figure 6.
Minimal angle (minimal value in ARTA) between receiver-to-satellite unit vectors of each two consecutive days from DOY 335 to 354, 2014. The black squares are the minimal angles for PRN 13; each value is a daily average. The red circles are the average minimal angles of all the satellites with the repeat time in the normal range.
Figure 7.
Maximal correlation coefficients (in RCM) of residual time series of each two consecutive days from DOY 335 to 354, 2014. The black squares are the maximal correlation coefficients for PRN 13. The red circles are the average maximal correlation coefficients of all the satellites with the repeat time in the normal range; the upper bound is the maximum of maximal correlation coefficients of all the satellites for each day; the lower bound is the minimum of that for each day.
Figure 7.
Maximal correlation coefficients (in RCM) of residual time series of each two consecutive days from DOY 335 to 354, 2014. The black squares are the maximal correlation coefficients for PRN 13. The red circles are the average maximal correlation coefficients of all the satellites with the repeat time in the normal range; the upper bound is the maximum of maximal correlation coefficients of all the satellites for each day; the lower bound is the minimum of that for each day.
Figure 8.
Baseline components estimated from the observables with ORTM-ASF correction, with ARTA-ASF correction, with RCM-ASF correction, and without any ASF correction for DOY 344, 2014. (a,c,e) are N, E, and U components estimated with satellite of PRN 13 excluded. (b,d,f) are N, E, and U components estimated with satellite of PRN 13 included. For comparison, time series of “ORTM-ASF”, “ARTA-ASF”, and “RCM-ASF” are shifted by −3, −6, and −9 cm for N and E, and by −5, −10, and −15 cm for U. Legend shown on (a) is for all of (a–f). The time series are shown from epoch 7130 to epoch 26,681, when the data of satellite PRN 13 were receivable.
Figure 8.
Baseline components estimated from the observables with ORTM-ASF correction, with ARTA-ASF correction, with RCM-ASF correction, and without any ASF correction for DOY 344, 2014. (a,c,e) are N, E, and U components estimated with satellite of PRN 13 excluded. (b,d,f) are N, E, and U components estimated with satellite of PRN 13 included. For comparison, time series of “ORTM-ASF”, “ARTA-ASF”, and “RCM-ASF” are shifted by −3, −6, and −9 cm for N and E, and by −5, −10, and −15 cm for U. Legend shown on (a) is for all of (a–f). The time series are shown from epoch 7130 to epoch 26,681, when the data of satellite PRN 13 were receivable.
Figure 9.
Residual time series of single-differenced observables for PRN 13 on DOY 344, 2014. For comparison, time series of “ORTM-ASF”, “ARTA-ASF”, and “RCM-ASF” are shifted by −1.5, −3, and −4.5 cm, respectively.
Figure 9.
Residual time series of single-differenced observables for PRN 13 on DOY 344, 2014. For comparison, time series of “ORTM-ASF”, “ARTA-ASF”, and “RCM-ASF” are shifted by −1.5, −3, and −4.5 cm, respectively.
Figure 10.
MRT estimates for PRN02 and PRN16 on DOY 344, 2014. (a) MRT estimates derived (every two hours) by ORTM; (b) MRT estimates derived (every hour) by ARTA.
Figure 10.
MRT estimates for PRN02 and PRN16 on DOY 344, 2014. (a) MRT estimates derived (every two hours) by ORTM; (b) MRT estimates derived (every hour) by ARTA.
Table 1.
STD of time series of baseline components estimated from observables with and without ASF correction (Excluding PRN 13).
Table 1.
STD of time series of baseline components estimated from observables with and without ASF correction (Excluding PRN 13).
DOY | Baseline Component | STD (mm) |
---|
Without ASF | With ASF |
---|
ORTM-ASF | ARTA-ASF | RCM-ASF |
---|
344 | N | 4.2539 | 2.0367 | 2.0385 | 2.0381 |
E | 2.9165 | 1.5699 | 1.5719 | 1.5712 |
U | 6.6746 | 4.0606 | 4.0624 | 4.0604 |
345 | N | 4.8240 | 2.4629 | 2.4626 | 2.4625 |
E | 3.1866 | 1.9315 | 1.9305 | 1.9301 |
U | 8.8673 | 5.2794 | 5.2761 | 5.2704 |
346 | N | 4.8628 | 2.5575 | 2.5555 | 2.5512 |
E | 3.0163 | 1.7367 | 1.7372 | 1.7365 |
U | 7.8131 | 5.1112 | 5.1134 | 5.1047 |
Table 2.
STD of time series of baseline components estimated from observables with and without ASF correction (Including PRN 13).
Table 2.
STD of time series of baseline components estimated from observables with and without ASF correction (Including PRN 13).
DOY | Baseline Component | STD (mm) |
---|
Without ASF | With ASF |
---|
ORTM-ASF | ARTA-ASF | RCM-ASF |
---|
344 | N | 3.5171 | 1.9142 | 1.8862 | 1.8857 |
E | 2.8904 | 1.5855 | 1.5613 | 1.5603 |
U | 6.6472 | 4.0482 | 3.9842 | 3.9844 |
345 | N | 4.0800 | 2.2783 | 2.2551 | 2.2548 |
E | 3.0700 | 1.8916 | 1.8656 | 1.8641 |
U | 8.7254 | 5.0073 | 4.9048 | 4.8928 |
346 | N | 4.0967 | 2.2461 | 2.2303 | 2.2264 |
E | 2.9853 | 1.6951 | 1.6768 | 1.6756 |
U | 7.8988 | 4.7870 | 4.7254 | 4.7196 |
Table 3.
RMS of residual time series for PRN 13.
Table 3.
RMS of residual time series for PRN 13.
DOY | RMS (mm) |
---|
Without ASF | With ASF |
---|
ORTM-ASF | ARTA-ASF | RCM-ASF |
---|
344 | 3.5947 | 1.8189 | 1.7951 | 1.7940 |
345 | 3.4139 | 1.8683 | 1.8427 | 1.8397 |
346 | 2.9936 | 1.7128 | 1.6926 | 1.6919 |
Table 4.
MRT estimates derived by RCM with different length of residual time series for PRN02 and PRN16 on DOY 344, 2014. The full lengths of residual time series of PRN02 and PRN16 are about 7.1 h.
Table 4.
MRT estimates derived by RCM with different length of residual time series for PRN02 and PRN16 on DOY 344, 2014. The full lengths of residual time series of PRN02 and PRN16 are about 7.1 h.
PRN | Length of Residual Time Series for Correlation |
---|
1 h | 2 h | 3 h | 4 h | 5 h | 6 h | 7 h |
---|
PRN02 | 242 | 242 | 242 | 242 | 242 | 241 | 242 |
242 | 242 | 242 | 241 | 241 | 242 | |
243 | 241 | 239 | 240 | 241 | | |
240 | 237 | 239 | 241 | | | |
235 | 239 | 242 | | | | |
241 | 243 | | | | | |
244 | | | | | | |
PRN16 | 240 | 240 | 241 | 241 | 242 | 242 | 243 |
241 | 242 | 242 | 243 | 243 | 243 | |
243 | 243 | 244 | 243 | 243 | | |
242 | 245 | 243 | 243 | | | |
246 | 244 | 243 | | | | |
242 | 242 | | | | | |
242 | | | | | | |
Table 5.
The distribution of the differences between MRT estimates derived from IGS final and ultra-rapid ephemerides using ARTA. The ‘Difference’ in column one is MRT estimate derived from IGS final ephemeris minus that derived from IGS ultra-rapid ephemeris for each satellite and for each day of 2014 and 2015.
Table 5.
The distribution of the differences between MRT estimates derived from IGS final and ultra-rapid ephemerides using ARTA. The ‘Difference’ in column one is MRT estimate derived from IGS final ephemeris minus that derived from IGS ultra-rapid ephemeris for each satellite and for each day of 2014 and 2015.
Difference (s) | Number |
---|
−4 | 2 |
−3 | 0 |
−2 | 2 |
−1 | 1 |
0 | 21,348 |
1 | 2 |
2 | 3 |